A PyrOil-GEM Process for Bio-LNG Production

Abstract

Transitioning the global energy system from finite fossil fuels towards renewable energy resources is probably the most pressing issue of the 21^st century. To mitigate the variability in typical sustainable electricity generation technologies, such as solar and wind power, on-demand generation methods are needed, powered by renewable sources such as biomass. As biomass may be converted into conventional types of fuel, methane (CH₄) for example, it could additionally help minimize the financial investment needed to complete the energy transition.

This thesis designs and analyzes a process for making Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) from Dutch domestic biomass resources, modeled in Aspen Plus process simulation software. Specifically, the process design combines gasification of biomass pyrolysis oil, desalination and electrolysis of sea water, and Sorption-Enhanced Methanation, as well as cryogenic liquefaction to produce bio-LNG, a renewable liquid fuel. This bio-LNG may then be used to generate electricity, to fuel heavy road traffic, or whatever application might be found for it.

Based on a 6 kg/s intake of wood pyrolysis oil, nearly 12 t/h LNG can be produced, in addition to useful side products such as sea salt and drinking water. Economic evaluation yields a project NPV of nearly €4 billion, and an IRR of 36.7%. Furthermore, the LCOM of this process is lower than several biomass-to-X processes, at €190/MWh.