Epitaxy of advanced nanowire quantum devices
Sasa Gazibegovic (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology)
Diana Car (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology)
H. Zhang (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Stijn C. Balk (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
John A. Logan (University of California)
Michiel W.A. De Moor (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Maja C. Cassidy (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Rudi Schmits (TNO)
Di Xu (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
G. Wang (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Peter Krogstrup (University of Copenhagen)
Roy L.M. Op Het Veld (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology)
Kun Zuo (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Yoram Vos (Student TU Delft)
J. Shen (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Daniël Bouman (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Borzoyeh Shojaei (University of California)
Daniel Pennachio (University of California)
Joon Sue Lee (University of California)
Petrus J. Van Veldhoven (Eindhoven University of Technology)
Sebastian Koelling (Eindhoven University of Technology)
Marcel A. Verheijen (Philips Innovation Services, Eindhoven University of Technology)
Leo P. Kouwenhoven (Microsoft Quantum Lab Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Chris J. Palmstrøm (University of California)
Erik P.A.M. Bakkers (TU Delft - QN/Bakkers Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology)
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires are ideal for realizing various low-dimensional quantum devices. In particular, topological phases of matter hosting non-Abelian quasiparticles (such as anyons) can emerge when a semiconductor nanowire with strong spin-orbit coupling is brought into contact with a superconductor. To exploit the potential of non-Abelian anyons - which are key elements of topological quantum computing - fully, they need to be exchanged in a well-controlled braiding operation. Essential hardware for braiding is a network of crystalline nanowires coupled to superconducting islands. Here we demonstrate a technique for generic bottom-up synthesis of complex quantum devices with a special focus on nanowire networks with a predefined number of superconducting islands. Structural analysis confirms the high crystalline quality of the nanowire junctions, as well as an epitaxial superconductor-semiconductor interface. Quantum transport measurements of nanowire 'hashtags' reveal Aharonov-Bohm and weak-antilocalization effects, indicating a phase-coherent system with strong spin-orbit coupling. In addition, a proximity-induced hard superconducting gap (with vanishing sub-gap conductance) is demonstrated in these hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowires, highlighting the successful materials development necessary for a first braiding experiment. Our approach opens up new avenues for the realization of epitaxial three-dimensional quantum architectures which have the potential to become key components of various quantum devices.
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