Windhoek
Extraction, urban dilemmas and the struggle for inclusion
Javier Arpa Fernandez (TU Delft - Public Building and Housing Design)
More Info
expand_more
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons.
Abstract
Namibia, independent since 1990, thrives on mining critical minerals and emerging oil and gas industries, poised to become Africa's fifth-largest oil producer by 2030. Ambitions include global green hydrogen export and expanding port infrastructure in Walvis Bay and Lüderitz. While foreign investment, especially from China, drives growth, it raises concerns over unemployment, resource control, and environmental impact. Urbanization centers on Windhoek, where apartheid-era planning persists, marginalizing township residents and exacerbating inequalities. Addressing these disparities and fostering spatial justice is vital to ensure inclusive development amid economic and environmental challenges.