An exploration of societal impacts of quantum technology

Abstract

The rapid advancement of quantum computing and communication (QCC) technologies promises transformative benefits for companies, yet also poses ethical and societal challenges reminiscent of historical technological introductions. This study addresses the Collingridge Dilemma, which posits that controlling technology becomes increasingly difficult as it matures, while knowledge about the impacts is absent at the beginning. Through a systematic literature review and expert interviews, this research investigates the negative societal impacts of QCC. While existing literature predominantly focuses on cyber security implications, expert insights reveal a broader spectrum of impacts, including environmental considerations. The study identifies interrelations among impacts and acknowledges their inherent ambiguity. A novel general classification framework is proposed to guide policy and management decisions, leveraging insights from both literature and interviews. Recommendations include prioritising security audits, fostering agility in response to emerging threats, enhancing technological literacy within organisations, and establishing regulatory frameworks. Despite limitations, the study underscores the need for further exploration in this nascent field, offering avenues for future research.