Protecting the grid topology and user consumption patterns during state estimation in smart grids based on data obfuscation
Lakshminarayanan Nandakumar (CGI Nederland B.V)
Gamze Tillem (TU Delft - Cyber Security)
Z Erkin (TU Delft - Cyber Security)
Tamás Keviczky (TU Delft - Team Tamas Keviczky, TU Delft - Delft Center for Systems and Control)
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Abstract
Smart grids promise a more reliable, efficient, economically viable, and environment-friendly electricity infrastructure for the future. State estimation in smart grids plays a pivotal role in system monitoring, reliable operation, automation, and grid stabilization. However, the power consumption data collected from the users during state estimation can be privacy-sensitive. Furthermore, the topology of the grid can be exploited by malicious entities during state estimation to launch attacks without getting detected. Motivated by the essence of a secure state estimation process, we consider a weighted-least-squares estimation carried out batch-wise at repeated intervals, where the resource-constrained clients utilize a malicious cloud for computation services. We propose a secure masking protocol based on data obfuscation that is computationally efficient and successfully verifiable in the presence of a malicious adversary. Simulation results show that the state estimates calculated from the original and obfuscated dataset are exactly the same while demonstrating a high level of obscurity between the original and the obfuscated dataset both in time and frequency domain.
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