Comparative analysis of alternative fuels for marine SOFC systems
B. N. van Veldhuizen (TU Delft - Ship Design, Production and Operations)
L. Van Biert (TU Delft - Ship Design, Production and Operations)
K. Visser (TU Delft - Ship Design, Production and Operations)
J. J. Hopman (TU Delft - Ship Design, Production and Operations)
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Abstract
To continue its operations, the marine industry needs to comply with emission regulations. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are considered a promising solution, since it can generate energy athigh efficiency and low NOX, SOX and particulate matter emissions. Another advantage of SOFCsis fuel flexibility, meaning several fuels can be applied in SOFC systems. This brings up the question which fuel is most effective for a marine SOFC system. In this research, marine gas oil (benchmark), liquefied hydrogen, biodiesel, Fischer-Tropsch diesel, natural gas, methanol, dimethyl ether, and hydrogenare compared as bunker fuel. A comparison framework is proposed specialised for marine applications. The following decision criteria are selected: production capacity, volumetric/ gravimetric energy density, technological readiness, safety, fuel cost, cost of the fuel storage system, and emissions. The performance indicators are quantified for every fuel based on literature and supplier information.In the end, five alternative fuels are selected for marine SOFC systems on the selected criteria, which wille be used in further research.