Gate-controlled quantum dots and superconductivity in planar germanium
N. W. Hendrickx (TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
D. P. Franke (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
A. Sammak (TU Delft - Business Development, TNO)
M. Kouwenhoven (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, Student TU Delft)
D. Sabbagh (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QCD/Scappucci Lab)
L. Yeoh (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QCD/Scappucci Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Roy Li (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
M. L.V. Tagliaferri (TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
M. Virgilio (University of Pisa)
G. Capellini (University of Roma Tre, Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics)
G. Scappucci (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QCD/Scappucci Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
M. Veldhorst (TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
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Abstract
Superconductors and semiconductors are crucial platforms in the field of quantum computing. They can be combined to hybrids, bringing together physical properties that enable the discovery of new emergent phenomena and provide novel strategies for quantum control. The involved semiconductor materials, however, suffer from disorder, hyperfine interactions or lack of planar technology. Here we realise an approach that overcomes these issues altogether and integrate gate-defined quantum dots and superconductivity into germanium heterostructures. In our system, heavy holes with mobilities exceeding 500,000 cm2 (Vs)−1 are confined in shallow quantum wells that are directly contacted by annealed aluminium leads. We observe proximity-induced superconductivity in the quantum well and demonstrate electric gate-control of the supercurrent. Germanium therefore has great promise for fast and coherent quantum hardware and, being compatible with standard manufacturing, could become a leading material for quantum information processing.
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