Quality Assessment of Printable Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites Manufactured in Two Different Printing Facilities
Stefan C. Figueiredo (Eindhoven University of Technology)
A.L. Overmeir (TU Delft - Materials and Environment)
Karsten Nefs (Eindhoven University of Technology)
E. Schlangen (TU Delft - Materials and Environment)
Theo A. M. Salet (Eindhoven University of Technology)
Branko Šavija (TU Delft - Materials and Environment)
Akke S. J. Suiker (Eindhoven University of Technology)
Freek P. Bos (Eindhoven University of Technology)
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Abstract
Over the past few years, several studies have shown the potential of three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) for applications in building and civil engineering. However, only a few studies have compared the properties of the fresh printing material and the quality of the printed elements from different printing facilities. Variations in the manufacturing conditions caused by the mixing procedures, the pumping device and the nozzle shape and/or dimensions may influence the quality of the printed elements. This study investigates the differences in the fresh and hardened properties of a printing material tested in two different printing facilities. The pump pressure and temperature experienced by the printing material during the printing session are monitored real-time. Hardened properties are measured for the printed elements, such as the bending capacity, the apparent density, and the air void content. The research shows that two different printing facilities may result in printed elements with relative differences in flexural strength and volumetric density of 49% and 7%, respectively.