In-plane selective area InSb–Al nanowire quantum networks
Roy L.M. Op het Veld (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Di Xu (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Vanessa Schaller (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Qingzhen Wang (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Goswami Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Michiel W.A. de Moor (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Kiefer Vermeulen (TU Delft - BUS/Quantum Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Jouri D.S. Bommer (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Leo P. Kouwenhoven (Microsoft Quantum Lab Delft, TU Delft - QN/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Hao Zhang (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Tsinghua University)
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Abstract
Strong spin–orbit semiconductor nanowires coupled to a superconductor are predicted to host Majorana zero modes. Exchange (braiding) operations of Majorana modes form the logical gates of a topological quantum computer and require a network of nanowires. Here, we utilize an in-plane selective area growth technique for InSb–Al semiconductor–superconductor nanowire networks. Transport channels, free from extended defects, in InSb nanowire networks are realized on insulating, but heavily mismatched InP (111)B substrates by full relaxation of the lattice mismatch at the nanowire/substrate interface and nucleation of a complete network from a single nucleation site by optimizing the surface diffusion length of the adatoms. Essential quantum transport phenomena for topological quantum computing are demonstrated in these structures including phase-coherence lengths exceeding several micrometers with Aharonov–Bohm oscillations up to five harmonics and a hard superconducting gap accompanied by 2e-periodic Coulomb oscillations with an Al-based Cooper pair island integrated in the nanowire network.