Cloud platform for EV charging management
Q. XU (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
Z. Qin – Mentor (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)
Pavol Bauer – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage)
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Abstract
Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations play an important role in the future development of the EV market. Uncoordinated charging will generate extra costs and bring unexpected stress to the grid. Multiple efficient charging strategies were proposed in past papers in order to solve the issues brought by uncoordinated charging. However, to put the algorithms into practical use, it is necessary to develop a platform for practical testing of the algorithms. In recent years, in the context of the gradual maturity of Internet technology, with the aid of embedded programming, the deployment of large-scale smart chargers on cloud-based platforms becomes possible. In cloud-based systems, the development, operational cost and system complexity are reduced compared with hardware PLC programming. Therefore, the cloud based platform is chosen as the testing platform for charging algorithms.
In the meanwhile, the energy storage systems combined with photovoltaic systems also can be used to lease the stress from the chargers. Hence, in this thesis, the ESS to cloud and its control strategy are implemented to reduce the impact from the chargers. In general, this thesis implements a cloud-based platform with the integration of the ESS, which is able to monitor the status of all the devices from the cloud, and distribute power to all devices with the aid of the charging algorithms on cloud.
To begin with, the different IoT solutions are discussed in introduction. Based on analysis and the experimental conditions, the most proper solution is chosen. Then, the details of cloud system structure is explained. Afterwards, the implementation procedure of the cloud platform is introduced by dividing the whole platform into different sections according to different functions on cloud. The contents include charger monitoring and control, charger grouping, ESS monitoring and control, database management.
Subsequently, two charging algorithms and an ESS control strategy are proposed. The theory of the algorithms and their function are introduced. Next, the interface design procedure on cloud platform is illustrated to show how the data is collected from the device to cloud, how the message is processed and computed on cloud. Based on above results, the simulation results are displayed to investigate the performance of the different control strategies on cloud in an ideal condition.
Finally, the whole cloud system and charging algorithms are validated and evaluated through the piratical experiment. The performance of the algorithms under the practical conditions are evaluated. The system cost and the delay are discussed. At the end of the thesis, the characteristics of the cloud based system are given based on previous analysis.