Time-Domain Modeling of Three-Dimensional Earth's and Planetary Electromagnetic Induction Effect in Ground and Satellite Observations
A. V. Grayver (ETH Zürich)
Alexey Kuvshinov (ETH Zürich)
D. Werthmüller (TU Delft - Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics)
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Abstract
Electric currents induced in conductive planetary interiors by time-varying magnetospheric and ionospheric current systems have a significant effect on electromagnetic (EM) field observations. Complete characterization of EM induction effects is difficult owing to nonlinear interactions between the three-dimensional electrical structure of a planet and spatial complexity of inducing current systems. We present, a general framework for time-domain modeling of three-dimensional EM induction effects in heterogeneous conducting planets. Our approach does not assume that the magnetic field is potential, allows for an arbitrary distribution of electrical conductivity within a planet, and can deal with spatially complex time-varying current systems. The method is applicable to both data measured at stationary observation sites and satellite platforms, and enables the calculation of three-dimensional EM induction effects in near real-time settings.