Parametric exploration of zero-energy modes in three-terminal InSb-Al nanowire devices
Ji Yin Wang (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
N. Van Loo (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
G. P. Mazur (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - BUS/Quantum Delft)
V. Levajac (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Filip K. Malinowski (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Mathilde Lemang (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QN/Afdelingsbureau, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Francesco Borsoi (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QCD/Veldhorst Lab)
Ghada Badawy (Eindhoven University of Technology)
Marina Quintero Pérez (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - BUS/Quantum Delft, TNO)
S. Heedt (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - BUS/Quantum Delft)
Leo Kouwenhoven (TU Delft - QN/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
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Abstract
We systematically study three-terminal InSb-Al nanowire devices by using radio-frequency reflectometry. Tunneling spectroscopy measurements on both ends of the hybrid nanowires are performed while systematically varying the chemical potential, magnetic field, and junction transparencies. Identifying the lowest-energy state allows for the construction of the lowest- and zero-energy state diagrams, which show how the states evolve as a function of the aforementioned parameters. Importantly, comparing the diagrams taken for each end of the hybrids enables the identification of states which do not coexist simultaneously, ruling out a significant amount of the parameter space as candidates for a topological phase. Furthermore, altering junction transparencies filters out zero-energy states sensitive to a local gate potential. Such a measurement strategy significantly reduces the time necessary to identify a potential topological phase and minimizes the risk of falsely recognizing trivial bound states as Majorana zero modes.