Evaluation of Motion Comfort using Advanced Active Human Body Models and Efficient Simplified Models

Evaluation of Motion Comfort using Advanced Active Human Body Models and Efficient Simplified Models

Desai, R.R. (TU Delft Intelligent Vehicles)
Cvetković, M. (TU Delft Intelligent Vehicles)
Papaioannou, G. (TU Delft Intelligent Vehicles)
Happee, R. (TU Delft Intelligent Vehicles)

2023

Active muscles are crucial for maintaining postural stability when seated in a moving vehicle. Advanced active 3D non-linear full body models have been developed for impact and comfort simulation, including large numbers of individual muscle elements, and detailed non-linear models of the joint structures. While such models have an apparent potential to provide insight into postural stabilization, they are computationally demanding, making them less practical in particular for driving comfort where long time periods are to be studied. In vibrational comfort and in general biomechanical research, linearized models are effectively used. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of simplified 3D full-body human models to capture comfort provoked by whole-body vibrations. An efficient seated human body model is developed and validated using experimental data. We evaluate the required complexity in terms of joints and degrees of freedom for the spine, and explore how well linear spring-damper models can approximate reflexive postural stabilization. Results indicate that linear stiffness and damping models can well capture the human response. However, the results are improved by adding proportional integral derivative (PID) and head-in-space (HIS) controllers to maintain the defined initial body posture. The integrator is shown to be essential to prevent drift from the defined posture. The joint angular relative displacement is used as the input reference to each PID controller. With this model, a faster than real-time solution is obtained when used with a simple seat model. The paper also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various models and provides insight into which models are more appropriate for motion comfort analysis. For designers and researchers in the automotive and seating industries, the findings given in this paper provide useful insights that will help them improve the comfort and safety of both vehicle occupants and seats.

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ecc645eb-b655-4d04-86df-1cfeb4f14164

https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC57777.2023.10422474

IEEE

2024-08-13

979-8-3503-9946-2

Proceedings of the IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2023

26th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2023, 2023-09-24 → 2023-09-28, Euskalduna Conference Centre, Bilbao, Spain

IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, ITSC, 2153-0009

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Institutional Repository

conference paper

© 2023 R.R. Desai, M. Cvetković, G. Papaioannou, R. Happee