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An analytical framework for the best–worst method

Wu, W. (author), Liu, Xinwang (author), Zhou, Ligang (author), Qin, Jindong (author), Rezaei, J. (author)

Since the development of the best–worst method (BWM) in 2015, it has become a popular research focus in multi-criteria decision-making. The original optimization problem of the BWM is a nonlinear min–max model that can lead to multiple optimal solutions, while the linear model of the BWM produces a unique solution. The two models need to be...

journal article 2024

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Unraveling the implementation processes of PEDs: Lesson learned from multiple urban contexts

Gohari, Savis (author), Castro Silvia, Soutullo (author), Ashrafian, Touraj (author), Konstantinou, T. (author), Giancola, Emanuela (author), Prebreza, Bahri (author), Aelenei, Laura (author), Murauskaite, Lina (author), Liu, Mingming (author)

The implementation of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) is recognized as a promising approach to achieving energy efficiency and reducing the negative environmental impact of climate change through the surplus of local renewable energy generation. However, several barriers to the implementation of PEDs, coupled with the lack of a joint definition...

journal article 2024

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Exploiting Symmetric Temporally Sparse BPTT for Efficient RNN Training

Chen, Xi (author), Gao, C. (author), Wang, Zuowen (author), Cheng, Longbiao (author), Zhou, Sheng (author), Liu, Shih Chii (author), Delbruck, Tobi (author)

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are useful in temporal sequence tasks. However, training RNNs involves dense matrix multiplications which require hardware that can support a large number of arithmetic operations and memory accesses. Implementing online training of RNNs on the edge calls for optimized algorithms for an efficient deployment on...

journal article 2024

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Engineering an artificial catch bond using mechanical anisotropy

Liu, Z. (author), Liu, Haipei (author), Vera, Andrés M. (author), Yang, Byeongseon (author), Tinnefeld, Philip (author), Nash, Michael A. (author)

Catch bonds are a rare class of protein-protein interactions where the bond lifetime increases under an external pulling force. Here, we report how modification of anchor geometry generates catch bonding behavior for the mechanostable Dockerin G:Cohesin E (DocG:CohE) adhesion complex found on human gut bacteria. Using AFM single-molecule...

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Modelling the combined impact of sea level rise, land subsidence, and tropical cyclones in compound flooding of coastal cities

Wu, Guofeng (author), Liu, Qing (author), Xu, H. (author), Wang, Jun (author)

Low-lying coastal areas are threatened worldwide by compound flooding effects, including sea-level rise (SLR), frequent tropical cyclones (TCs), and accelerated land subsidence (LS). Compound flooding results in a negative effect, creating challenges for decision-making and coastal management for sustainable urban development. To comprehend...

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Role of thermodynamic relaxation on effectiveness of recycling agents on properties of aged bitumen

Ren, S. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author)

The low-temperature relaxation and fatigue cracking performance are two essential aspects in estimating the rejuvenation efficiency of recycling agents (RAs). This study aims to fundamentally investigate the effects of recycling agent type/dosage and aging degree of bitumen on thermodynamic and rheological properties of rejuvenated bitumen at...

journal article 2024

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A Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting System Assisted by A Piezoelectric Transducer Achieving 10-mV Cold-Startup and 82.7% Peak Efficiency

Lu, T. (author), Wang, Ruizhi (author), Tang, Z. (author), Zou, Yiwei (author), Yue, X. (author), Liang, Yansong (author), Gong, Haoran (author), Liu, Shurui (author), Chen, Zhiyuan (author), Liu, Xun (author), Du, S. (author)

This article presents a 10mV-startup-voltage thermoelectric energy harvesting system, assisted by a piezoelectric generator (PEG) as a cold starter. It exploits the fact that when a thermoelectric energy harvesting system is implemented in a place where kinetic energy is also present, the PEG starter can provide a clock signal to start the...

journal article 2024

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Appearance of Recalcitrant Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Sulfur in River Waters Following Wildfire Events

Xu, Yanghui (author), Wang, Xintu (author), Ou, Q. (author), Zhou, Zhongbo (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author), Liu, G. (author)

Increasing wildfire frequency, a consequence of global climate change, releases incomplete combustion byproducts such as aquatic pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (DOM) and black carbon (DBC) into waters, posing a threat to water security. In August 2022, a series of severe wildfires occurred in Chongqing, China. Samples from seven locations...

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A machine learning architecture for including wave breaking in envelope-type wave models

Liu, Yuxuan (author), Eeltink, Debbie (author), van den Bremer, T.S. (author), Adcock, Thomas A.A. (author)

Wave breaking is a complex physical process about which open questions remain. For some applications, it is critical to include breaking effects in phase-resolved envelope-based wave models such as the non-linear Schrödinger. A promising approach is to use machine learning to capture breaking effects. In the present paper we develop the...

journal article 2024

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Bio-safe drinking water with or without chlorine: a review

Wang, Di (author), Ren, Anran (author), Yao, Mingchen (author), Hu, Bin (author), van der Meer, Walter (author), Liu, G. (author)

Drinking water biosafety has become an increasing concern for public health. Chlorination is widely used as the main disinfection strategy worldwide but has clear and well-known byproduct issues. The Netherlands has successfully demonstrated unchlorinated approach for almost 20 years but has not been widely adopted by other countries. To...

journal article 2024

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TAIS: Transparent Amplifying Intelligent Surface for Indoor-To-Outdoor mmWave Communications

Liu, Bin (author), Wang, Q. (author), Pollin, Sofie (author)

This paper presents a novel transparent amplifying intelligent surface (TAIS) architecture for uplink enhancement in indoor-To-outdoor mmWave communications. The TAIS is an amplifier-based transmissive intelligent surface that can refract and amplify the incident signal, instead of only refracting it with adjustable phase shift by most...

journal article 2024

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Physics-Informed Neural Networks to Model and Control Robots: A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation

Liu, J. (author), Borja, Pablo (author), Della Santina, C. (author)

This work concerns the application of physics-informed neural networks to the modeling and control of complex robotic systems. Achieving this goal requires extending physics-informed neural networks to handle nonconservative effects. These learned models are proposed to combine with model-based controllers originally developed with first...

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Optomechanical methodology for characterizing the thermal properties of 2D materials

Liu, Hanqing (author), Brahmi, Hatem (author), Boix-Constant, Carla (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Heat transport in two dimensions is fundamentally different from that in three dimensions. As a consequence, the thermal properties of 2D materials are of great interest, from both scientific and application points of view. However, few techniques are available for the accurate determination of these properties in ultrathin suspended...

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The lasting impact of formation cycling on the Li-ion kinetics between SEI and the Li-metal anode and its correlation with efficiency

Zhang, S. (author), Li, Yuhang (author), Bannenberg, L.J. (author), Liu, Ming (author), Ganapathy, S. (author), Wagemaker, M. (author)

Formation cycling is a critical process aimed at improving the performance of lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries during subsequent use. Achieving highly reversible Li-metal anodes, which would boost battery energy density, is a formidable challenge. Here, formation cycling and its impact on the subsequent cycling are largely unexplored. Through...

journal article 2024

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A Biophysics Toolbox for Reliable Data Acquisition and Processing in Integrated Force-Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Liu, Z. (author), van Veen, E.N.W. (author), Sanchez González, H. (author), Solano Hermosilla, B.P. (author), Palmero Moya, F.J.P.M. (author), Mc Cluskey, K.A. (author), Ramirez Montero, D.F. (author), van Laar, T. (author), Dekker, N.H. (author)

Integrated single-molecule force-fluorescence spectroscopy setups allow for simultaneous fluorescence imaging and mechanical force manipulation and measurements on individual molecules, providing comprehensive dynamic and spatiotemporal information. Dual-beam optical tweezers (OT) combined with a confocal scanning microscope form a force...

journal article 2024

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Exploring the recovery capacity of recycling agents on atomic-scale energy properties of aged bitumen and their potential correlations with high-temperature rheological performance

Ren, S. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author)

This study implements molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the atomic-level energy properties of rejuvenated bitumen, considering the influence of different recycling agent (RA) types, dosages and aging levels of bitumen. Moreover, the potential correlations between energy indices and high-temperature performance of rejuvenated bitumen...

journal article 2024

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Error correlations in photonic qudit-mediated entanglement generation

Liu, X. (author), Bharos, N.P. (author), Markovich, L. (author), Borregaard, J. (author)

Generating entanglement between distributed network nodes is a prerequisite for the quantum internet. Entanglement distribution protocols based on high-dimensional photonic qudits enable the simultaneous generation of multiple entangled pairs, which can significantly reduce the required coherence time of the qubit registers. However, current...

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Strong tunable coupling between two distant superconducting spin qubits

Pita-Vidal, Marta (author), Wesdorp, J.J. (author), Splitthoff, L.J. (author), Bargerbos, A. (author), Liu, Yu (author), Kouwenhoven, Leo P. (author), Andersen, C.K. (author)

Andreev spin qubits have recently emerged as an alternative qubit platform with realizations in semiconductor–superconductor hybrid nanowires. In these qubits, the spin degree of freedom of a quasiparticle trapped in a Josephson junction is intrinsically spin–orbit coupled to the supercurrent across the junction. This interaction has...

journal article 2024

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General Optimal Trajectory Planning: Enabling Autonomous Vehicles with the Principle of Least Action

Huang, H. (author), Liu, Yicong (author), Liu, Jinxin (author), Yang, Q. (author), Wang, Jianqiang (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Zgonnikov, A. (author)

This study presents a general optimal trajectory planning (GOTP) framework for autonomous vehicles (AVs) that can effectively avoid obstacles and guide AVs to complete driving tasks safely and efficiently. Firstly, we employ the fifth-order Bezier curve to generate and smooth the reference path along the road centerline. Cartesian coordinates...

journal article 2024

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Exploring the dilemma of enterprises participating in the old community renewal: Perspective of managers

Liu, Guiwen (author), Huang, Ruopeng (author), Li, Kaijian (author), Shrestha, Asheem (author), Wang, H. (author), Cai, Minhong (author)

The renewal of old communities (OCR) is a crucial component of China's urban renewal strategy. However, the huge funding gap, coupled with the unwillingness of enterprises to participate, has impeded the sustainable development of OCR in China. This issue has become a major practical challenge for the government. This study employed the...

journal article 2024