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Low-temperature drying of waste activated sludge enhanced by agricultural biomass towards self-supporting incineration

Li, Ji (author), Hao, Xiaodi (author), Shen, Zhan (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author)

A high moisture content of waste activated sludge (WAS) associated with a low calorific value needs to be deeply dried towards self-supporting incineration. On the other hand, thermal energy with low temperature exchanged from treated effluent has great potential for drying sludge. Unfortunately, low-temperature drying of sludge seems to be...

journal article 2023

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A non-unit line protection method for MMC-HVDC grids based on the curvatures of backward traveling waves

Xie, F. (author), Hao, Zhiguo (author), Ye, Dongmeng (author), Yang, Songhao (author), Li, Chuanxi (author), Dai, Guoan (author), Zhang, Baohui (author), Wang, Ting (author)

The existing protection techniques for high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) grids suffer from several shortcomings such as high sampling frequency, poor robustness, and reliance on simulation for threshold setting. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a non-unit protection method for modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC grids...

journal article 2023

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A General Hierarchical Control System to Model ACC Systems: An Empirical Study

Ruan, Tiancheng (author), Wang, Hao (author), Jiang, Rui (author), Li, Xiaopeng (author), Xie, N. (author), Xie, Xinjian (author), Hao, Ruru (author), Dong, Changyin (author)

Urged by a close future perspective of a traffic flow made of a mix of human-driven vehicles and automated vehicles (AVs), research has recently focused on studying the traffic flow characteristics of Adaptive Cruise Controls (ACCs), the most typical AV. However, in most works, the ACC system is studied under a simplifying and unrealistic...

journal article 2023

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Managing connected and automated vehicles with flexible routing at “lane-allocation-free” intersections

Hao, R. (author), Zhang, Yuxiao (author), Ma, Wanjing (author), Yu, Chunhui (author), Sun, Tuo (author), van Arem, B. (author)

With the development of internet of vehicles and automated driving, individual-based trajectory control at intersections becomes possible. Trajectory planning and coordination for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have been studied at isolated “signal-free” intersections and in “signal-free” corridors under the fully CAV environment in...

journal article 2023

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Evaluation of Global Land Use–Land Cover Data Products in Guangxi, China

Hao, Xuan (author), Qiu, Yubao (author), Jia, Guoqiang (author), Menenti, M. (author), Ma, Jiangming (author), Jiang, Zhengxin (author)

Land use–land cover (LULC) is an important feature for ecological environment research, land resource management and evaluation. Although global high-resolution LULC data sets are booming, their regional performances were still evaluated in limited regions. To demonstrate the local applicability of global LULC data products, six emerging LULC...

journal article 2023

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In-situ damage mechanism investigation and a prediction model for delamination with fibre bridging in composites

Yao, Liaojun (author), Liu, J. (author), Lyu, Zhangming (author), Alderliesten, R.C. (author), Hao, Cui (author), Ren, Chuanxi (author), Guo, Licheng (author)

Carbon-fibre reinforced composites are susceptible to delamination. Fibre bridging is an important shielding mechanism frequently observed in delamination. The presence of these bridging fibres can significantly increase interlaminar resistance, making it critical to represent this phenomenon for delamination characterization in composite...

journal article 2023

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Synergy of phosphate recovery from sludge-incinerated ash and coagulant production by desalinated brine

Wang, Xiangyang (author), Shi, Chen (author), Hao, Xiaodi (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author)

Wet-chemical approach is widely applied for phosphate recovery from incinerated ash of waste activated sludge (WAS), along with metals removed/recovered. The high contents of both aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) in WAS-incinerated ash should be suitable for producing coagulants with some waste anions like Cl⁻ and SO₄<sup>2−<...

journal article 2023

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Pilot Study on Low Temperature Stability of Aerobic Granular Sludge

van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Hao, Xiaodi (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author)

摘要： 好氧颗粒污泥技术具有占地面积小、能耗低、剩余污泥量少、抗冲击性强等优点，是<br/>一种可持续的污水处理技术。以北京某污水处理厂实际生活污水作为基质，在中试规模（有效容积<br/>为2.5 m3）反应器中进行好氧颗粒污泥培养，研究了颗粒污泥在低温条件下的稳定性。中试自夏季<br/>开始运行到次年春季结束，共计运行260 d。结果表明，采用我国实际低碳源市政污水可以培养出好<br/>氧颗粒污泥，污泥颗粒化程度可达94%，SVI5/SVI30为1.1 ~ 1.3。冬季低温会造成颗粒污泥的枝状结<br/>构增多、丝状菌生长，进而引起颗粒化比例略有下降，为80%~91%，污泥平均粒径降低，SVI5/SVI30升<br/>高至1.5 ~ 1.8。在冬季低温条件下，通过优化调控进水流量...

journal article 2022

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Creating coagulants through the combined use of ash and brine

Hao, Xiaodi (author), Wang, Xiangyang (author), Shi, Chen (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author)

Sludge incineration and seawater desalination are two approaches that can be used in the disposal of waste activated sludge (WAS) and for obtaining fresh water. As resource recovery from wastewater treatment and water purification is a topic of particular interest in these times, “water mining” has become a focus of research, with phosphate/P...

journal article 2022

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A flock-like two-dimensional cooperative vehicle formation model based on potential functions

Hao, R. (author), Liu, M. (author), Ma, Wanjing (author), van Arem, B. (author), Wang, M. (author)

Due to the manoeuvre complexity, models describing the platoon formation process on urban roads are lacking in the literature. Inspired by flocking behaviours in nature, we proposed a two-dimensional model to describe connected automated vehicle (CAV) group dynamics based on the potential theory, which is composed of the elastic potential...

journal article 2022

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Making Waves: A sea change in treating wastewater – Why thermodynamics supports resource recovery and recycling

Hao, Xiaodi (author), Wu, Daoqi (author), Li, Ji (author), Liu, Ranbin (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author)

Entropy is a concept defined by the second law of thermodynamics. Applying this concept to the world we live in, entropy production must be minimized and negentropy (negative entropy production) should be accelerated, in order to produce a healthy and stable ecological system. The present wastewater treatment, however, contributes to entropy...

journal article 2022

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Unravelling key factors controlling vivianite formation during anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

Hao, Xiaodi (author), Yu, W. (author), Yuan, Tugui (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author)

As a product of phosphorous recovery from anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste activated sludge (WAS), vivianite has received increasing attention. However, key factors controlling vivianite formation have not yet been fully addressed. Thus, this study was initiated to ascertain key factors controlling vivianite formation. A simulation of...

journal article 2022

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Can deep learning assist automatic identification of layered pigments from XRF data?

Xu, Bingjie Jenny (author), Wu, Yunan (author), Hao, Pengxiao (author), Vermeulen, Marc (author), McGeachy, Alicia (author), Smith, Kate (author), Eremin, Katherine (author), Rayner, Georgina (author), Alfeld, M.W.E.M. (author)

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) plays an important role for elemental analysis in a wide range of scientific fields, especially in cultural heritage. XRF imaging, which uses a raster scan to acquire spectra pixel-wise across artworks, provides the opportunity for spatial analysis of pigment distributions based on their elemental...

journal article 2022

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Enhancing extraction of alginate like extracellular polymers (ALE) from flocculent sludge by surfactants

Li, Ji (author), Hao, Xiaodi (author), Gan, W. (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author)

Alginate like extracellular polymers (ALE) recovered from flocculent sludge has been identified as a kind of highly valuable biomaterials. However, the extraction protocols limit the production of biopolymers as ALE extracted from flocculent sludge is at a lower level, around 90–190 mg/g VSS. Under this circumstance, the eco-friendly and...

journal article 2022

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Controlling factors and involved mechanisms on forming alginate like extracellular polymers in flocculent sludge

Li, Ji (author), Hao, Xiaodi (author), Gan, Wei (author), van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (author), Wu, Yuanyuan (author)

Alginate like extracellular polymers (ALE) recovered from excess sludge have been evaluated as an eco-friendly, cost effective and sustainable alternative to highly valued materials. However, the ALE extraction from flocculent sludge ranges normally from 90 to 190 mg/g VSS, which is only equivalent to the lowest edge of the ALE production...

journal article 2022

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基于视觉辐条图案识别方法的蓝宝石引晶机制研究

Chen, Chen (author), Qiao, Tiezhu (author), Pang, Y. (author), Hao, Guirong (author)

In the process of industrial production of sapphire crystals, the seeding step plays a vital role. Seeding needs to be performed under conditions where the temperature gradient is small and the temperature distribution tends to be stable. At present, the industrial production of sapphire mainly relies on manual experience to control the seed...

journal article 2022

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Efficient hybrid multiobjective optimization of pressure swing adsorption

Hao, Zhimian (author), Caspari, Adrian (author), Schweidtmann, A.M. (author), Vaupel, Yannic (author), Lapkin, Alexei A. (author), Mhamdi, Adel (author)

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is an energy-efficient technology for gas separation, while the multiobjective optimization of PSA is a challenging task. To tackle this, we propose a hybrid optimization framework (TSEMO + DyOS), which integrates two steps. In the first step, a Bayesian stochastic multiobjective optimization algorithm (i.e.,...

journal article 2021

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Statistical modelling and climate variability of compound surge and precipitation events in a managed water system: A case study in the Netherlands

Santos, Víctor M. (author), Casas-Prat, Mercè (author), Poschlod, Benjamin (author), Ragno, E. (author), Van Den Hurk, Bart (author), Hao, Zengchao (author), Kalmár, Tímea (author), Zhu, Lianhua (author), Najafi, Husain (author)

The co-occurrence of (not necessarily extreme) precipitation and surge can lead to extreme inland water levels in coastal areas. In a previous work the positive dependence between the two meteorological drivers was demonstrated in a managed water system in the Netherlands by empirically investigating an 800-year time series of water levels,...

journal article 2021

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A Novel Defect Diagnosis Method for Kyropoulos Process Based Sapphire Growth

Zhang, Wei (author), Qiao, Tiezhu (author), Pang, Y. (author), Yang, Yi (author), Chen, Hong (author), Hao, Guirong (author)

When sapphire crystal is prepared with Kyropoulos method, the necking-down growth process is a key stage. Sapphire growth defect is a big problem in this stage. However, diagnosing growth defects is subject to the interference of workers subjectivity and accuracy always goes down. To address the problem, a novel defect diagnosis method is...

journal article 2020

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Risk Factors and Neuropsychological Assessments of Subjective Cognitive Decline (plus) in Chinese Memory Clinic

Hao, Lixiao (author), Xing, Yue (author), Li, Xuanyu (author), Mu, Bin (author), Zhao, Weina (author), Wang, G. (author), Wang, Ting (author), Jia, Jianguo (author), Han, Ying (author)

Background: Since subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was standardized in 2014, many studies have investigated its features. However, the risk of SCD (plus) progressing to AD is much higher, and yet there have been few studies reporting the risk factors and neuropsychological assessment characteristics of SCD (plus). Objective: To characterize...

journal article 2019