The 2010 Haiti earthquake revisited: An acoustic intensity map from remote atmospheric infrasound observations

In the days following the January 12, 2010 M_w 7 Haiti earthquake the shaking intensity near the epicenter was overestimated and the spatial extent of the potentially damaging shaking was underestimated. This was due to the lack of seismometers in the near-source region at the time of the earthquake. Besides seismic waves,...

Long-range atmospheric infrasound propagation from subsurface sources

In seismology and ocean acoustics, the interface with the atmosphere is typically represented as a free surface. Similarly, these interfaces are considered as a rigid surface for infrasound propagation. This implies that seismic or acoustic waves are not transmitted into the atmosphere from subsurface sources, and vice versa. Nevertheless,...

Probabilistic inversion for submerged source depth and strength from infrasound observations

In seismology, the depth of a near-surface source is hard to estimate in the absence of local stations. The depth-yield trade-off leads to significant uncertainties in the source's depth and strength estimations. Long-range infrasound propagation from an underwater or underground source is very sensitive to variations in the source's depth and...

CLEAN beamforming for the enhanced detection of multiple infrasonic sources

The detection and characterization of signals of interest in the presence of (in)coherent ambient noise is central to the analysis of infrasound array data. Microbaroms have an extended source region and a dynamical character. From the perspective of an infrasound array, these coherent noise sources appear as interfering signals which...

The Mount Meron infrasound array: An infrasound array without a noise reduction system

Measurements of seismo-acoustic events by collocated seismic and infrasound arrays allow for studying the two wavefields that were produced by the same event. However, some of the scientific and technical constraints on the building of the two technologies are different and may be contradicting. For the case of a new station, an optimal design...

Extracting low signal-to-noise ratio events with the Hough transform from sparse array data

Low-frequency acoustic, i.e., infrasound, waves are measured by sparse arrays of microbarometers. Recorded data are processed by automatic detection algorithms based on array-processing techniques such as time-domain beam forming and f-k analysis. These algorithms use a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) value as a detection criterion. In the case...

On the infrasound detected from the 2013 and 2016 DPRK's underground nuclear tests

The underground nuclear tests by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) generated atmospheric infrasound both in 2013 and 2016. Clear detections were made in the Russian Federation (I45RU) and Japan (I30JP) in 2013 at stations from the International Monitoring System. Both tropospheric and stratospheric refractions arrived at the...