Method for determining a spring constant for a deformable scanning probe microscope element, and scanning probe microscope and calibration device arranged for determining a spring constant for a probe element

A method for determining a spring constant k for a deformable probe element (102) of a scanning probe microscope SPM (100). The probe (102) has an outer surface area consisting of a tip area (112) on a first probe side (108) and a tip-less area (113). The probe (102) also has a probe electrode (114) and a scanning probe tip (104) in the tip area...

Infrared sensor comprising a Golay cell

The invention relates to a infrared sensor (1) comprising a Golay cell (2) in the form of a chamber that houses a heatable gas, which chamber is delimited by a movable diaphragm (3), wherein there are conversion means (4) for converting a movement of the diaphragm into a variation of a measurable electrical parameter, wherein the diaphragm...

Tissue vitality monitoring system and method and surgical technique

Tissue vitality is monitored by means of a sensor attached to the tissue. Preferably, the sensor is attached to the tissue at the end of a surgical intervention, for example after anastomosis of the colon. The sensor is attached to the tissue with a sensitive surface facing the tissue, e.g. at a point of anastomosis. The sensor is designed to...

Surgical drill system and surgical drill bit to be used therein

Surgical drill system comprising a mechanical drill bit and means for imaging the vicinity of the drill bit tip, said means comprising: at least one optical fiber having a distal end and a proximal end, said distal end being located adjacent said drill bit tip, an optical processing unit, said proximal end of said at least one optical fiber...