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van Loenen, B. (author), Kok, B.C. (author)Many countries are developing or starting to develop National Geographic Information Infrastructures (NGIIs). The Netherlands Council for Geo-information stimulates the development and further implementation of the NGII in the Netherlands. The publication of the visionary Ravi-document Structuurschets in 1992, promoting the establishment of four...conference paper 2002
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- Carlstrom, C.F. (author), Van Der Heijden, R. (author), Kok, A.M. (author), Van der Heijden, R.W. (author), Karouta, F. (author), Van Der Tol, J.J.G.M. (author), Nötzel, R. (author), Van Veldhoven, P.J. (author), Salemink, H.W.M. (author) conference paper 2005
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Weinman, K.A. (author), Van der Ven, H. (author), Mockett, C.R. (author), Knopp, T.A. (author), Kok, J.C. (author), Perrin, R.T.E. (author), Thiele, F.H. (author)A systematic grid convergence study is conducted for the Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) of the massively separated flow around a NACA0021 airfoil at high angle of attack. In order to study the convergence characteristics of DES/LES problems, velocity fields using a series of grids must be generated that demonstrate sufficient dynamic similarity...conference paper 2006
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Kok, J.C. (author)A new high-order, finite-volume scheme is presented that preserves the symmetry property and the dispersion relation of the convective operator. The scheme is applied to large-eddy simulation of compressible, turbulent flow and to the solution of the linearized Euler equations for aeroacoustic applications. For large-eddy simulation, the...conference paper 2006
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De Cock, K.M.J. (author), Boelens, O.J. (author), Kok, J.C. (author), Prananta, B.B. (author), Soemarwoto, B.I. (author), Van der Ven, H. (author)In this paper, a cross-section of numerical algorithm development at NLR for end-user applications in aerospace is presented. Aerospace is characterized by high safety requirements and standards, complex development programs and operational processes, and challenging multi-physics phenomena. An example is the certification or qualification of...conference paper 2006
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Kok, J.C. (author), Van Muijden, J. (author), Burgers, S.S. (author), Dol, H. (author), Spekreijse, S.P. (author)Scientific enhancement of the analysis of thermal comfort aspects in aircraft cabins is the subject of the current investigation. For this purpose, three important processes are identified that play a significant role in thermal comfort, viz. the human response to its thermal environment which is also known as thermoregulation, the actual...conference paper 2006
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Kok, P. (author), Dijkstra, J. (author), Botha, C.P. (author), Post, F.H. (author), Kaijzel, E. (author), Que, I. (author), Löwik, C.W.G.M. (author), Reiber, J.H.C. (author), Lelieveldt, B.P.F. (author)This paper explores new methods to visualize and fuse multi-2D bioluminescence imaging (BLI) data with structural imaging modalities such as micro CT and MR. A geometric, back-projection-based 3D reconstruction for superficial lesions from multi-2D BLI data is presented, enabling a coarse estimate of the 3D source envelopes from the multi-2D BLI...conference paper 2007
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Kok, H.J.M. (author), Voskuijl, M. (author), Van Tooren, M.J.L. (author)The blended wing body aircraft is one of the promising contenders for the next generation large transport aircraft. This aircraft is particularly suitable for the use of boundary layer ingestion engines. Results published in literature suggest that it might be beneficial to have a large number of these engines (distributed propulsion). A...conference paper 2010
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Kok, R. (author), Rahman, S.A. (author)This paper presents the results of work done for the World Bank to develop low carbon policies for road transport in Poland. Here, we outline the development of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, develop a Business As Usual (BAU) scenario based on social-economic-, infrastructure-, car market, vehicle stock-, fuel use, and technological...conference paper 2010
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Kok, R. (author), Annema, J.A. (author)Marginal abatement cost curves and cost-effectiveness estimates for transport CO2 emission mitigation measures are useful tools and widely accepted for policy-makers for displaying a range of available emissions reduction options, their cost-effectiveness and reduction potential. However there is a large variety in outcomes which consequently...conference paper 2010
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Spekkers, M.H. (author), Ten Veldhuis, J.A.E. (author), Kok, M. (author), Clemens, F.H.L.R. (author)Insurance databases form a promising data source that can be used to improve pluvial flood damage estimations. This paper describes the key characteristics of an insurance database on water related damages to private buildings and content in the Netherlands that has been made available for research. The paper presents preliminary results of a...conference paper 2011
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Rijcken, T. (author), Kok, M. (author)It is possible to reduce flood risk in estuaries without having to drastically modify the river banks by levees or to block shipping routes and ecological flows by dams. ‘Storm surge barriers’ close off a river mouth at times of high sea water levels, but keep the river open during calmer times. ‘Moveable river flood barriers’ direct a river...conference paper 2011
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Kok, R. (author)This paper assesses the impacts of a CO2-differentiated tax policy designed to influence car purchasing trends towards lower CO2 emitting vehicles in the Netherlands. Since 2009, gasoline and diesel cars up to 110 and 95 gram CO2 per km are exempted from the vehicle registration tax (VRT). In addition, in 2010 a first step was implemented to...conference paper 2011
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- Kok, B.C. (author) conference paper 2012
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Spekkers, M.H. (author), ten Veldhuis, J.A.E. (author), Kok, M. (author), Clemens, F.H.L.R. (author)The objective of this paper is to establish relationships between rainfall extremes and damage data from Dutch insurance industry. Rainfall data are based on a network of 33 automatic rain gauges held by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Rainfall characteristics, such as peak rainfall intensity and rainfall volume, are correlated...conference paper 2012
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- Mosselman, E. (author), Kok, M. (author), Leenen, H. (author), Van, M. (author) conference paper 2012
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Vilier, J. (author), Kok, M. (author), Nicolai, R.P. (author)The economic consequences of floods, both in the form of material damage and losses due to business interruption, can be large. This paper presents a comparison between two approaches to determine the losses due to business interruption caused by large-scale floods. A model (HIS-SSM) containing a damage function approach and an Adaptive Input...conference paper 2013
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Tsimopoulou, V. (author), Vrijling, J.K. (author), Kok, M. (author), Jonkman, S.N. (author), Stijnen, J.W. (author)Recent experience of large-scale water disasters such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011 has reminded mankind that disasters cannot be ruledout. Unprecedented low-probability events can happen even in the most well monitored areas, causing major social-economic disruption. Failing to prepare...conference paper 2013
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Spekkers, M.H. (author), Kok, M. (author), Clemens, F.H.L.R. (author), Ten Veldhuis, J.A.E. (author)Intense rainfall may locally cause considerable damage in cities, e.g. because of sewer floods. A better understanding of relationships between rainfall characteristics and rainfall-related damage can help insurers and flood authorities to respond more adequately to rainfall extremes. This paper aims to study to what extent weather radars can be...conference paper 2013
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Kok, R. (author), Annema, J.A. (author), Van Sloten, R. (author)Autobelastingen gebaseerd op CO2-uitstoot De aanschafbelasting BPM is sinds 2013 volledig gebaseerd op de CO2-uitstoot van personenauto’s. Consumenten blijken gevoelig voor belastingkortingen en vrijstellingen gerelateerd aan de CO2-uitstoot. De afgelopen jaren zijn Nederlandse autokopers gemiddeld steeds kleinere, lichtere en zuinigere modellen...conference paper 2013