- document
-
Berkhout, J. B. (author), Poormoghadam, D. (author), Yi, C. (author), Kalsbeek, A. (author), Meijer, O. C. (author), Mahfouz, A.M.E.T.A. (author)The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a highly complex brain region that is crucial for homeostatic regulation through neuroendocrine signaling, outflow of the autonomic nervous system, and projections to other brain areas. In the past years, single-cell datasets of the hypothalamus have contributed immensely to the current...journal article 2024
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)Class-D amplifiers (CDAs) are widely used in audio applications where a high power efficiency is required. As most audio sources are digital nowadays, implementing digital-input CDAs results in higher levels of integration and lower cost. However, prior open-loop digital-input CDAs suffer from high jitter sensitivity and output-stage...conference paper 2023
- document
-
Blokland, M. (author), van der Mei, R. D. (author), Pruyn, J.F.J. (author), Berkhout, J. (author)Piping systems are common in many architectures and designing such systems is often a complex task. Design automation of piping systems is therefore a universal research subject. Nonetheless, these piping systems are often still designed by hand as a result of their complexity. Consequently, costs associated with piping design are high,...journal article 2023
- document
-
Karmakar, S. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Fan, Q. (author)This paper presents a Class-D piezoelectric speaker driver that employs a quadrature feedback chopping scheme (QCS). Compared to a conventional single feedback chopping scheme (SCS), the use of QCS can eliminate the timing skew between low-voltage (LV) and high-voltage (HV) choppers, greatly improving large-signal linearity. A prototype...conference paper 2023
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, M. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This article presents a digital-input class-D amplifier (CDA) achieving high dynamic range (DR) by employing a chopped capacitive feedback network and a capacitive digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Compared with conventional resistive-feedback CDAs driven by resistive or current-steering DACs, the proposed architecture eliminates the noise...journal article 2023
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)Class-D audio amplifiers produce electromagnetic interference (EMI), which often needs to be suppressed by an external LC filter. However, due to component nonlinearity, this filter can itself cause significant distortion. This article presents a class-D amplifier that suppresses LC filter nonlinearity by 49 dB and is robust to ±30%...journal article 2022
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Rozsa, N.N.M. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Fan, Q. (author)The power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of conventional differential closed-loop Class-D amplifiers is limited by the feedback and input resistor mismatch and finite common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) in the first integrator. This article presents a 14.4-V Class-D amplifier employing...journal article 2022
- document
-
de Haas, K. (author), Berkhout, B (author), Dekker, H.R.E. (author), Broere, W. (author)Determining the scope of (structural) renovation of aging tunnels is a complicated task and modular renovation is becoming increasingly necessary. The COB Tunnel Programme aims at developing the knowledge necessary to renovate these tunnels in a modular fashion, to reduce hindrance as much as possible. Part of this program is the development of...conference paper 2022
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This article presents a class-D amplifier (CDA) with high dynamic range (DR). To eliminate the typically dominant noise contribution of a resistive feedback network, the input and feedback signals are chopped and applied to a capacitive feedback network. However, this leads to high-voltage (HV) transients at the input of the loop filter,...journal article 2022
- document
-
Karmakar, S. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This article presents a Class-D audio amplifier for capacitive piezoelectric speaker loads. Employing a dual voltage feedback (VFB)/current feedback (CFB) topology, the amplifier is capable of damping LC resonance without using an external damping resistor, therefore reducing system power consumption, cost, and size. Additional power savings are...journal article 2022
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)Class-D amplifiers (CDAs) are often used in audio applications due to their superior power efficiency. Due to the sensitivity of the human ear, a large dynamic range (DR) is desired, and audio DACs with up to 130dB DR are commercially available [1]. However, the DR of the CDAs they drive is typically much lower [2]-[4], mainly due to the...conference paper 2022
- document
-
Karmakar, S. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)Piezoelectric speakers are gaining popularity on account of their improving form-factor and audio quality, making them a good fit for many audio applications such as in televisions, laptops, etc. Such speakers can be modelled as a large capacitive load, and so are typically driven by a Class-AB amplifier via a series resistor that ensures driver...conference paper 2022
- document
-
Viho, Eva M.G. (author), Buurstede, Jacobus C. (author), Berkhout, Jari B. (author), Mahfouz, A.M.E.T.A. (author), Meijer, Onno C. (author)Glucocorticoid stress hormones are powerful modulators of brain function and can affect mood and cognitive processes. The hippocampus is a prominent glucocorticoid target and expresses both the glucocorticoid receptor (GR: Nr3c1) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR: Nr3c2). These nuclear steroid receptors act as ligand-dependent...journal article 2021
- document
-
Hendriks, P. (author), Berkhout, W. E.M. (author), Kaanen, C.I. (author), Sluijter, J.H. (author), Visser, I. J. (author), van den Dobbelsteen, J.J. (author), de Geus-Oei, L. F. (author), Webb, A. (author), Burgmans, M.C. (author)Purpose: To investigate the performance of two microwave ablation (MWA) systems regarding ablation volume, ablation shape and variability. Materials and Methods: In this ex vivo study, the Emprint and Amica MWA systems were used to ablate porcine livers at 4 different settings of time and power (3 and 5 minutes at 60 and 80 Watt). In total,...journal article 2021
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Berkhout, M. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This paper reports a Class-D audio amplifier that uses multiloop feedback to suppress output LC filter nonlinearity by 49 dB, enabling the use of small, low-cost LC filters with ±30% spread while maintaining low distortion. Fabricated in a 180 nm BCD process, the prototype achieves a THD of-121.5 dB and a THD+N of-107.1 dB. It delivers 12W...conference paper 2021
- document
-
A -109.1 dB/-98 dB THD/THD+N Chopper Class-D Amplifier with >83.7 dB PSRR Over the Entire Audio BandZhang, H. (author), Rozsa, N.N.M. (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Fan, Q. (author)This paper reports a chopper Class-D audio amplifier that obtains high PSRR over the entire audio band. A chopping scheme is proposed to minimize intermodulation distortion between pulse-width modulation (PWM) and chopping in the audio band. A high-voltage chopper is developed to handle a 14.4 V PWM signal. Timing matching techniques are...conference paper 2021
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Karmakar, S. (author), Breems, Lucien J. (author), Sandifort, Quino (author), Berkhout, Marco (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This article presents a Class-D audio amplifier for automotive applications. Low electromagnetic interference (EMI) and, hence, smaller LC filter size are obtained by employing a fully differential multilevel output stage switching at 4.2 MHz. A modulation scheme with minimal switching activity at zero input reduces idle power, which is...journal article 2020
- document
-
Karmakar, S. (author), Zhang, H. (author), van Veldhoven, Robert (author), Breems, Lucien J. (author), Berkhout, M. (author), Fan, Q. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)This article presents a 28-W class-D amplifier for automotive applications. The combination of a high switching frequency and a hybrid multibit Δ Σ M-PWM scheme results in high linearity over a wide range of output power, as well as low AM-band EMI. As a result, only a small (150-kHz cutoff frequency), and thus low-cost, LC filter is needed...journal article 2020
- document
-
Karmakar, S. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Van Veldhoven, Robert (author), Breems, Lucien (author), Berkhout, M. (author), Fan, Q. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)Class-D amplifiers are often used in high-power audio applications due to their high power efficiency. They typically employ pulse-width modulation (PWM) at a fixed carrier frequency, which may cause electromagnetic interference (EMI). Setting this frequency f<sub>PWM</sub>) below the AM band (535 to 1605kHz) helps mitigate this, but its...conference paper 2020
- document
-
Zhang, H. (author), Karmakar, S. (author), Breems, Lucien (author), Sandifort, Quino (author), Berkhout, M. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author), Fan, Q. (author)This paper describes a class-D audio amplifier with a multilevel output stage that reduces both EMI and idle power. High loop gain, and thus high linearity, are enabled by a relatively high (4.2 MHz) switching frequency, which relaxes the requirements on its output LC filter. Fabricated in a 180nm BCD technology, it can drive 14 W into an 8-Ω...conference paper 2020