Development of an LADM-based conceptual data model for 3D underground land administration in Victoria

Currently, many cities around the world use underground space for different applications such as tunnels, utility networks, parking, walkways, and shopping malls. Due to the increasing use of underground areas, management of this space is very important for decision-makers and stakeholders. A 3D Underground Land Administration (ULA) data model...

Evaluation of the International 3D Geospatial Data Models and IFC Standard for Implementing an LADM-based 3D Digital Cadastre

Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) is an international standard for defining both semantic and spatial information connected with rights, restrictions, and responsibilities (RRRs) that affect land, water, built assets, natural resources, underground spaces, and airspaces. Since LADM is currently a conceptual land administration model, one...

3D Cadastre in Australian and New Zealand Jurisdictions: Similarities and Differences

Many research studies have been recently conducted in Australia and New Zealand to explore a range of technical, legal, and institutional aspects related to modernisation of 3D cadastre. Most of these studies focus on a particular jurisdiction. This stems from the fact that each jurisdiction is responsible for their own cadastral system....

Design and Implementation of a 3D National Digital Cadastral Database based on Land Administration Domain Model: Lessons Learned from a 3D Cadaster Project in Malaysia

With the growing dominance of urban infrastructures in Malaysia, 2D-based cadastral systems in this country are facing new challenges in recording, managing and visualizing the spatial extent of urban land parcels. In Malaysia, surveying and cadastral measurements are currently stored in the National Digital Cadastral Data Base (NDCDB), which is...

Moving Towards a Fully Operational 3D Digital Cadastre: Victoria, Australia

Population is growing and due to urbanisation, cities are expanding horizontally and vertically to accommodate more population. Managing these crowded cities with many high-rises and infrastructures below and above the ground surface requires efficient systems. However, the current land and property registration systems mainly use two...

A BIM-Driven Approach to Managing Common Properties within Multi-Owned Developments

There has been a significant growth of multi-owned developments in cities around the world. These developments include a combination of different types of residential and commercial uses of urban spaces. Common property areas in multi-owned developments typically include a wide range of shared spaces and facilities. Clear and correct delineation...

Connecting LADM and IFC Standards – Pathways towards an Integrated Legal-Physical Model

In 3D digital land and property registration systems, simultaneous representation of both legal spaces and physical elements can aid understanding of the spatial extent of property rights, restrictions and responsibilities (RRR). The integration of legal and physical objects can be done only at visualisation level without defining any semantic...

An LADM-based Approach for Developing and Implementing a National 3D Cadastre – A Case Study of Malaysia

With the growing dominance of multi-storey buildings and other infrastructures, 2D-based cadastral systems are facing new challenges in recording, managing and visualising the spatial extent of vertically stratified cadastral spaces. In Malaysia, surveying and cadastral measurements are currently stored in the National Digital Cadastral Data...

3D Cadastre Visualization: Recent Progress and Future Directions

The 3D Cadastre has been investigated from many viewpoints (including legal, organizational and technical). However, to date little research has focused specifically on visualizationrelated aspects despite the value-added of the third dimension. The paper first proposes an overview of progress made in the last five years in 3D cadastral...

Comparing Three Types of BIM-based Models for Managing 3D Ownership Interests in Multi-level Buildings

There are various 3D spatial data models to support digital management of legal and physical aspects of buildings. These data models adopt three possible approaches to represent and manage spatial dimension of 3D ownership interests, namely pure legal, pure physical and integrated methods. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a method for...

Development of XML Schemas for Implementation of a 3D Cadastral Data Model

A 3D cadastral data model (3DCDM) was developed to support integration of legal and physical information that are required for 3D cadastral applications. The 3DCDM model has twelve sub-models or modules including 3DCDM Geometry Model, 3DCDM Root Model, 3DCDM LegalPropertyObject Model, 3DCDM InterestHolder Model, 3DCDM Survey Model, 3DCDM...

A Roadmap to Accomplish 3D Cadastres

Urbanisation is regarded as a significant global trend. This means cities around the world will be accommodating more population. The population demands accommodations as places for living and business activities. Cities have limited land and therefore high-rise structures have become major infrastructures addressing the needs arsing from...

3D Cadastres and Beyond

How does the cadastre deal with an urban environment that is increasingly populated and structurally complex? The development and implementation of 3D digital cadastres is now positioned as a necessary – and urgent – response: it is no longer just about land; it can be expected that in the future, the majority of lots created will be associated...

Bridging the Gap between LADM and Cadastres

The LADM passed, on the 1st of November 2012, the final vote towards becoming an international standard, ISO 19152, and was formally published by ISO on 1ste of December 2012. Since then there has been a considerable move in the land administration domain towards the implementation of the model. Examples are in Australia, China, Malaysia,...

Delivering 3D Land and Property Management: A Consideration of Institutional Challenges in an Australian Context

Urbanisation presents myriad challenges for countries, primarily by increasing pressure on limited land resources through demands for housing, services and infrastructure. This is exacerbated in city centres, where land values are often highest, resulting in acute needs to effectively manage land resources while capitalising on land and property...

Development of a 3D ePlan/LandXML Visualisation System in Australia

The importance of managing properties and people’s interests in complex multi-level developments is increasing, due to population growth and shortage of land in urban areas. As a result, cadastral systems are under pressure to change the way they capture, register and visualise 3D data of these multi-level scenarios. However, interests in land...

Advanced Principles of 3D Cadastral Data Modelling

Current cadastral data models use a 2D land-parcel definition and extend it to cover 3D requirements. This approach cannot adequately manage and represent the spatial extent of 3D land rights, restrictions and responsibilities (3D RRRs). This paper aims to develop a 3D Cadastral Data Model (3DCDM) to configure 3D cadastral frameworks, manage and...