Synthesis, solubility and thermodynamic properties of N-A-S-H gels with various target Si/Al ratios

The synthesis of N-A-S-H gel with high Si/Al ratios (>2) has been rarely reported in the literature, leaving the establishment of a reliable synthesis route as an open challenge. This paper aims to synthesize N-A-S-H gels with Si/Al ratios ranging from 1 to 3 and establish their thermodynamic database. The effects of reaction temperature,...

Examining industrial air pollution embodied in trade: implications of a hypothetical China-UK FTA

Very few developed economies have a full free trade agreement (FTA) with China. This study employs one GTAP model and builds an extended environmental multi-region input–output model to investigate a hypothetical China-UK FTA, concerning embodied industrial emissions of SO2, PM2.5, NOX, and NH3. The economic sectors are also classified based on...

A molecular dynamics study of N–A–S–H gel with various Si/Al ratios

In this paper, the atomic structures of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N–A–S–H) gels with different Si/Al ratios are studied by molecular dynamics simulation. An N–A–S–H gel model was obtained from the polymerization of Si(OH)₄ and Al(OH)₃ monomers with the use of a reactive force field (ReaxFF). The simulated atomic...

A molecular dynamics study of N-A-S-H gel with various Si/Al ratios

The understanding of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) gel is still limited due to its complex and amorphous structure. Recently, molecular dynamics simulation has provided a unique opportunity to better understand the structure of N-A-S-H gel from nanoscale. In this work, the N-A-S-H gel structure was obtained by simulating the...

Flood Risks in Sinking Delta Cities: Time for a Reevaluation?

Sea level rise (SLR) and subsidence are expected to increase the risk of flooding and reliance on flood defenses for cities built on deltas. Here, we combine reliability analysis with hydrodynamic modeling to quantify the effect of projected relative SLR on dike failures and flood hazards for Shanghai, one of the most exposed delta cities. We...