On the retrieval of forward-scattered waveforms from acoustic reflection and transmission data with the Marchenko equation

A Green's function in an acoustic medium can be retrieved from reflection data by solving a multidimensional Marchenko equation. This procedure requires a priori knowledge of the initial focusing function, which can be interpreted as the inverse of a transmitted wavefield as it would propagate through the medium, excluding (multiply)...

Implementation of the Marchenko multiple elimination algorithm

The Marchenko multiple elimination (MME) and transmission compensation schemes retrieve primary reflections in the two-way traveltime domain without model information or using adaptive subtraction. Both schemes are derived from projected Marchenko equations and are similar to each other, but they use different time-domain truncation operators...

Marchenko redatuming, imaging and multiple elimination, and their mutual relations

With the Marchenko method it is possible to retrieve Green's functions between virtual sources in the subsurface and receivers at the surface from reflection data at the surface and focusing functions. A macro model of the subsurface is needed to estimate the first arrival; the internal multiples are retrieved entirely from the reflection data....

Data-driven retrieval of primary plane-wave responses

Seismic images provided by reverse time migration can be contaminated by artefacts associated with the migration of multiples. Multiples can corrupt seismic images, producing both false positives, that is by focusing energy at unphysical interfaces, and false negatives, that is by destructively interfering with primaries. Multiple prediction...

Transmission compensated primary reflection retrieval in the data domain and consequences for imaging

We have developed a scheme that retrieves primary reflections in the two-way traveltime domain by filtering the data. The data have their own filter that removes internal multiple reflections, whereas the amplitudes of the retrieved primary reflections are compensated for two-way transmission losses. Application of the filter does not require...

Data-driven internal multiple elimination and its consequences for imaging: A comparison of strategies

We have compared three data-driven internal multiple reflection elimination schemes derived from the Marchenko equations and inverse scattering series (ISS). The two schemes derived from Marchenko equations are similar but use different truncation operators. The first scheme creates a new data set without internal multiple reflections. The...

Single- and Double-Sided Marchenko Imaging Conditions in Acoustic Media

Artifact-free reverse time migration

We have derived an improved reverse time migration (RTM) scheme to image the medium without artifacts arising from internal multiple reflections. This is based on a revised implementation of Marchenko redatuming using a new time-truncation operator. Because of the new truncation operator, we can use the time-reversed version of the standard...