Handling uncertainty in train timetable rescheduling: A review of the literature and future research directions

External and internal factors can cause disturbances or disruptions in daily train operations, leading to deviations from official timetables and passenger delays. As a result, efficient train timetable rescheduling (TTR) methods are necessary to restore disrupted train services. Although TTR has been a popular research topic in recent years,...

AnyoneNet: Synchronized Speech and Talking Head Generation for Arbitrary Persons

Automatically generating videos in which synthesized speech is synchronized with lip movements in a talking head has great potential in many human-computer interaction scenarios. In this paper, we present an automatic method to generate synchronized speech and talking-head videos on the basis of text and a single face image of an arbitrary...

Impacts of urban morphology on sensible heat flux and net radiation exchange

Urban morphology affects the sensible heat flux and net radiation exchange which can alter urban heat mitigation plans. This study first parameterized the geometric effects on the net radiation, and then calculated the net radiation and sensible heat flux in the urban landscape of Hong Kong. Considering that the sensible heat flux is the main...

Modulation of sediment load recovery downstream of Three Gorges Dam in the Yangtze River

The sediment load in the Yangtze River downstream of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has substantially declined in recent decades. The decrease is more profound below the TGD, e.g., a 97% decrease at Yichang, compared with that at the delta apex, 1200 km downstream, e.g., a 75% decrease, implying along-river sediment recovery. Two large river...

WordMarkov: A New Password Probability Model of Semantics

To date there are few researches on the semantic information of passwords, which leaves a gap preventing us from fully understanding the passwords characteristic and security. We propose a new password probability model for semantic information based on Markov Chain with both generalization and accuracy, called WordMarkov, that can capture the...

Quantification of the influencing factors for flood peak discharge increase in the Lower Yellow River

The past decades have witnessed frequent flood peak discharges increase in the Lower Yellow River (LYR). Yet no consensus for its mechanism has been achieved. Here 21 events of the peak discharge increase (PDI) in the period of 1973–2012 are analysed. It is shown that the mean increment of peak discharge increases from 810 m³/s to...

Reclamation of Tidal Flats Within Tidal Basins Alters Centennial Morphodynamic Adaptation to Sea-Level Rise

Reclamation of low-lying tidal flats and floodplains adjacent to present shorelines has been implemented worldwide for both coastal defense and development. While it is technically feasible to monitor the short-term impact of tidal flat embankments, it is challenging to identify long-term and cumulative morphodynamic impact, particularly...

A historical review of sediment export–import shift in the North Branch of Changjiang Estuary

Net sediment transport is predominantly seaward in fluvial-dominated estuaries worldwide. However, a distributary branch in the Changjiang Estuary, the North Branch, undergoes net landward sediment transport, which leads to severe channel aggradation. Its controlling mechanism and the role of human activities remain insufficiently understood,...

Changjiang Delta in the Anthropocene: Multi-scale hydro-morphodynamics and management challenges

The Changjiang Delta (CD) is one of well-studied large deltas of critical socio-economical and ecological importance regionally and global representativeness. Cumulated field data and numerical modeling has facilitated scientific understanding of its hydro-morphodynamics at multiple spatial and time scales, but the changing boundary forcing...