document

Enhanced sensitivity and tunability of thermomechanical resonance near the buckling bifurcation

Liu, Hanqing (author), Baglioni, G. (author), Boix-Constant, Carla (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

The high susceptibility of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) material resonators to force and temperature makes them ideal systems for sensing applications and exploring thermomechanical coupling. Although the dynamics of these systems at high stress has been thoroughly investigated, their behavior near the buckling transition has received less...

journal article 2024

document

Optomechanical methodology for characterizing the thermal properties of 2D materials

Liu, Hanqing (author), Brahmi, Hatem (author), Boix-Constant, Carla (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Heat transport in two dimensions is fundamentally different from that in three dimensions. As a consequence, the thermal properties of 2D materials are of great interest, from both scientific and application points of view. However, few techniques are available for the accurate determination of these properties in ultrathin suspended...

journal article 2024

document

Ultra-sensitive graphene membranes for microphone applications

Baglioni, G. (author), Pezone, R. (author), Vollebregt, S. (author), Cvetanović Zobenica, Katarina (author), Spasenović, Marko (author), Todorović, Dejan (author), Liu, Hanqing (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author)

Microphones exploit the motion of suspended membranes to detect sound waves. Since the microphone performance can be improved by reducing the thickness and mass of its sensing membrane, graphene-based microphones are expected to outperform state-of-the-art microelectromechanical (MEMS) microphones and allow further miniaturization of the...

journal article 2023

document

Experimental and numerical study of Conoscopic Interferometry sensitivity for optimal acoustic pulse detection in ultrafast acoustics

Robin, M.P. (author), Guis, R.H. (author), Arabul, Mustafa Umit (author), Zhou, Zili (author), Pandey, Nitesh (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Conoscopic interferometry is a promising detection technique for ultrafast acoustics. By focusing a probe beam through a birefringent crystal before passing it through a polarizer, conoscopic interferences sculpt the spatial profile of the beam. The use of these patterns for acoustic wave detection revealed a higher detection sensitivity over...

journal article 2023

document

Evaporation induced acoustic emissions in microfluidic vessels

Dutta, S. (author), Bieling, T.J. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Fluid flow processes such as drainage and evaporation in porous media are crucial in geological and biological systems. The motion of the displacement front of a moving fluid through multi-phase interfaces is often associated with abrupt mechanical energy release, detectable as acoustic emissions (AEs). The exact origin of these pulses and...

journal article 2023

document

High-Speed Tapping Mode AFM Utilizing Recovery of Tip-Sample Interaction

Noom, J. (author), Smith, C.S. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), Katan, A.J. (author), Soloviev, O.A. (author), Verhaegen, M.H.G. (author)

We propose to use the State Estimation by Sum-of-Norms Regularisation (STATESON-)algorithm for recovering the tip-sample interaction in high-speed tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). This approach enables accurate sample height estimation for each independent cantilever oscillation period, provided that the tip-sample interaction...

journal article 2023

document

Pressure-induced nonlinear resonance frequency changes for extracting Young’s modulus of nanodrums

Sarafraz, A. (author), Givois, A.P.P. (author), Roslon, I.E. (author), Liu, Hanqing (author), Brahmi, Hatem (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Alijani, F. (author)

The resonance frequency of ultra-thin layered nanomaterials changes nonlinearly with the tension induced by the pressure from the surrounding gas. Although the dynamics of pressurized nanomaterial membranes have been extensively explored, recent experimental observations show significant deviations from analytical predictions. Here, we...

journal article 2023

document

Three-dimensional localization microscopy with increased axial precision through TIRF angle modulation

Fan, D. (author), Cnossen, J.P. (author), Hung, S. (author), Kromm, D. (author), Dekker, N.H. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), Smith, C.S. (author)

To better understand the interactions between biological molecules, a high optical resolution in all three dimensions is crucial. The intrinsically lower axial resolution of microscopes however, is a limiting factor in fluorescence imaging, correspondingly in fluorescence based single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, we present...

journal article 2023

document

Tuning heat transport in graphene by tension

Liu, Hanqing (author), Lee, M. (author), Siskins, M. (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Heat transport by acoustic phonons in two-dimensional (2D) materials is fundamentally different from that in 3D crystals because the out-of-plane phonons propagate in a unique way that strongly depends on tension and bending rigidity. Here, using optomechanical techniques, we experimentally demonstrate that the heat transport time in...

journal article 2023

document

Sensors in agriculture: towards an Internet of Plants

Steeneken, P.G. (author), Kaiser, Elias (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), ten Veldhuis, Marie-claire (author)

To ensure a sustainable future and combat food scarcity, we must boost agricultural productivity, improve climate resilience and optimize resource usage. There is untapped potential for dense wireless sensor networks in agriculture that can increase yields and support resilient production when linked to smart decision and control systems.

journal article 2023

document

Nanomechanical resonators fabricated by atomic layer deposition on suspended 2D materials

Liu, Hanqing (author), Basuvalingam, Saravana B. (author), Lodha, S.V. (author), Bol, Ageeth A. (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD), a layer-by-layer controlled method to synthesize ultrathin materials, provides various merits over other techniques such as precise thickness control, large area scalability and excellent conformality. Here we demonstrate the possibility of using ALD growth on top of suspended 2D materials to fabricate...

journal article 2023

document

Low-cost acoustic force trap in a microfluidic channel

Tsan, Vi hung (author), Fan, D. (author), Caneva, S. (author), Smith, C.S. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

A low-cost glass-based microfluidic flow cell with a piezo actuator is built using off-the-shelf parts (total cost €9 per device) to apply acoustophoretic force on polystyrene micro-beads. The main challenge in the fabrication of these devices was to ensure their leak tightness, which we solved using double-sided tape and nail polish. Beads...

journal article 2023

document

Ultrasound Pulse Emission Spectroscopy Method to Characterize Xylem Conduits in Plant Stems

Dutta, S. (author), Chen, Zhiyi (author), Kaiser, Elias (author), Malcolm Matamoros, Priscilla (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Although it is well known that plants emit acoustic pulses under drought stress, the exact origin of the waveform of these ultrasound pulses has remained elusive. Here, we present evidence for a correlation between the characteristics of the waveform of these pulses and the dimensions of xylem conduits in plants. Using a model that relates the...

journal article 2022

document

Optical sensing of chlorophyll(in) with dual-spectrum Si LEDs in SOI-CMOS technology

Dutta, S. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

Small and low-cost chlorophyll sensors are popular in agricultural sector and food-quality control.Combining such sensors with silicon CMOS electronics is challenged by the absence of silicon-integrated light-sources.We experimentally achieve optical absorption sensing of chlorophyll based pigments with silicon (Si) micro light-emitting...

journal article 2022

document

Self-Sealing Complex Oxide Resonators

Lee, M. (author), Robin, M.P. (author), Guis, R.H. (author), Filippozzi, U. (author), Shin, D. (author), van Thiel, T.C. (author), Paardekooper, Stijn P. (author), Renshof, Johannes R. (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Caviglia, A. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author)

Although 2D materials hold great potential for next-generation pressure sensors, recent studies revealed that gases permeate along the membrane-surface interface, necessitating additional sealing procedures. In this work, we demonstrate the use of free-standing complex oxides as self-sealing membranes that allow the reference cavity beneath...

journal article 2022

document

Ultrathin Piezoelectric Resonators Based on Graphene and Free-Standing Single-Crystal BaTiO₃

Lee, M. (author), Renshof, Johannes R. (author), van Zeggeren, K.J. (author), Houmes, M.J.A. (author), Lesne, E.L. (author), Siskins, M. (author), van Thiel, T.C. (author), Guis, R.H. (author), van Blankenstein, M.R. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author), Caviglia, A. (author), van der Zant, H.S.J. (author), Steeneken, P.G. (author)

Suspended piezoelectric thin films are key elements enabling high-frequency filtering in telecommunication devices. To meet the requirements of next-generation electronics, it is essential to reduce device thickness for reaching higher resonance frequencies. Here, the high-quality mechanical and electrical properties of graphene electrodes...

journal article 2022

document

Avalanche-mode Si light-emitting transistor for narrow-band emission near 760 nm

Dutta, S. (author), Hueting, Raymond J.E. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

We report an avalanche-mode light-emitting transistor (AMLET) in silicon (Si), based on a lateral bipolar junction, which emits light near 760 nm optical wavelength with a record low bandwidth of 38 nm. The AMLET, designed in a CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonics platform, is optically confined within a 0.21 ∼\μ m thick SOI...

journal article 2022

document

Fabry-Pérot resonant avalanche-mode silicon LEDs for tunable narrow-band emission

Dutta, S. (author), Verbiest, G.J. (author)

We report on the effect of Fabry-Pérot (FP) resonance on hot-carrier electroluminescence (EL) spectra and the optical power efficiencies of silicon (Si) avalanche-mode (AM) LEDs in the wavelength range from 500 nm to 950 nm. The LEDs, fabricated in a silicon-on-insulator photonics technology, consist of symmetric p-n junctions placed within a 0...

journal article 2022

document

Tunable coupling of two mechanical resonators by a graphene membrane

Verbiest, G.J. (author), Goldsche, M. (author), Sonntag, J. (author), Khodkov, T. (author), von den Driesch, N. (author), Buca, D. (author), Stampfer, C. (author)

Coupled nanomechanical resonators are interesting for both fundamental studies and practical applications as they offer rich and tunable oscillation dynamics. At present, the mechanical coupling in such systems is often mediated by a fixed geometry, such as a joint clamping point of the resonators or a displacement-dependent force. Here we...

journal article 2021

document

Nonlinear optical probes of nucleation and crystal growth: recent progress and future prospects

Dok, Ahmet R. (author), Legat, Thibaut (author), de Coene, Yovan (author), van der Veen, M.A. (author), Verbiest, T. (author), Van Cleuvenbergen, Stijn (author)

In situexperimental studies have been key in uncovering the often elusive pathways of nucleation and crystal growth. In the field of material science and medicine this offers the prospect of controlling crystallization processes to fight disease or tailor materials towards specific applications. To further advance this quest there is a need...

review 2021