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Landman, A. (author), Groen, E.L. (author), Frank, M. (author), Steinhardt, G. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Bronkhorst, A.W. (author), Mulder, M. (author)Aviation safety organizations have recommended that airline pilots are trained for startle and surprise. However, little information is available on useful training interventions. Therefore, a training intervention trial was executed during airline recurrent simulator training. The method consisted of a slow visual scan from the side-window,...conference paper 2019
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Piessens, T. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, M. (author)Impoverished sensory input makes tele-operation of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles a difficult task. Automation support can provide assistance to the operator, but may also produce automation surprise and a risk of loss of situation awareness, when the human operator fails to notice the actions of automation in high-workload situations. Previous...conference paper 2019
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, M. (author)Reducing high workload levels are a major challenge to enable single pilot operations. Where the pilot is currently supported with many automated systems, the role of mission planner is relatively unsupported, i.e., the flight crew is required to integrate and combine information from various sources to extract the implications on the missions’...conference paper 2019
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)The glass cockpit and EFB enable new ways of information presentation and interaction on the flight deck of modern commercial jets. This information supports crews in flight plan management, which essentially entails evaluating the plan against (ever-changing) flight constraints and, if necessary, modifying it. Flight constraints emerge from the...conference paper 2019
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Reducing high workload levels are a major challenge to enable single pilot operations. Where the pilot is currently supported with many automated systems, the role of mission planner is relatively unsupported, i.e., the flight crew is required to integrate and combine information from various sources to extract the implications on the missions’...conference paper 2019
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Landman, H.M. (author), Groen, E.L. (author), Frank, M (author), Steinhardt, G. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Bronkhorst, A (author), Mulder, Max (author)Aviation safety organizations have recommended that airline pilots are trained for startle and surprise. However, little information is available on useful training interventions. Therefore, a training intervention trial was executed during airline recurrent simulator training. The method consisted of a slow visual scan from the side-window,...conference paper 2019
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Landman, H.M. (author), van Middelaar, S.H. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Bronkhorst, Adelbert W. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Several checklist-based methods have been proposed to help pilots manage startle in unexpected situations. In the current experiment, we tested how pilots reacted to using such a method, which featured the mnemonic COOL: Calm down – Observe – Outline – Lead. Using a motion-based simulator outfitted with a non-linear aerodynamic model of a small...conference paper 2019
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Designing interfaces for effective decision-making supports for complex, dynamic systems is a challenging task. Besides the already challenging task of determining the visual form, the task of defining the content of these supports can be even more demanding. Especially for an unstable and complex work domain with multiple stakeholders and...journal article 2019
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Fu, W. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Haptic displays can greatly facilitate manual control tasks. Their capacity of allowing the operator to perceive the desired dynamics is an important design parameter. However, attempts to evaluate haptic displays on the basis of what dynamics humans actually perceive are scarce. This paper proposes a two-step framework which incorporates the...journal article 2019
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Klein Koerkamp, N.W. (author), Borst, C. (author), Mulder, Max (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)Real-time optimization of Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) during mission operations raises concerns regarding obtaining a solution within a reasonable timeframe, especially in domains where operations cannot easily be paused and the number of control parameters is high. Humans, however, are heuristic problem solvers and could potentially...journal article 2019
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Rojer, Jim (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)This paper describes a novel method for time-varying identification of Human Controller (HC) manual control parameters (called UKF-FPV), based on a steady-state (constant state covariance) Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). This approach requires no a priori assumptions on the shape of HC parameter variations, which is a potential advantage over...journal article 2019
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Mulder, Max (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van der El, Kasper (author), Drop, F.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)Mathematical control models are widely used in tuning manual control systems and understanding human performance. The most common model, the crossover model, is severely limited, however, in describing realistic human control behaviour in relevant control tasks as it is only valid for tracking with a compensatory display. This paper first...journal article 2019
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Plaetinck, Wouter (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Time-varying pilot control identification is essential for better understanding of how pilots respond when faced with sudden changes in the dynamics of the vehicle they control, such as when automatic control and stabilization systems disengage or undergo a mode transition. This paper presents the results of a human-in-the-loop experiment...journal article 2019
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Kolff, M.J.C. (author), van der El, Kasper (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)The understanding of human responses to visual information in car driving tasks requires the use of system identification tools that put constraints on the design of data collection experiments. Most importantly, multisine perturbation signals are required, including a multisine road geometry, to separately identify the different driver...journal article 2019
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Willems, M. (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van der El, Kasper (author), Damveld, H.J. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Human modelling approaches are typically limited to feedback-only, compensatory tracking tasks. Advances in system identification techniques allow us to consider more realistic tasks that involve feedforward and even precognitive control. In this paper we study the human development of a feedforward control response while learning to...journal article 2019
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Fu, W. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Time delays in haptic teleoperation affect the ability of human operators to assess mechanical properties (damping, mass, and stiffness) of the remote environment. To address this, we propose a unified framework for human haptic perception of the mechanical properties of environments with delayed force feedback. In a first experiment, we...journal article 2019
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Klomp, R.E. (author), Riegman, R. (author), Borst, C. (author), Mulder, Max (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)The current evolution of the ATM system, led by the SESAR programme in Europe and the NextGen programme in the US, is foreseen to bring a paradigm shift to the work of the air traffic controller. Rather than the current primarily tactical control method, one aims for the introduction of more strategic, 4D (space and time) trajectory...conference paper 2019
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van der El, Kasper (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Novel driver support systems potentially enhance road safety by cooperating with the human driver. To optimize the design of emerging steering support systems, a profound understanding of driver steering behavior is required. This article proposes a new theory of driver steering, which unifies visual perception and control models. The theory...journal article 2019
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Barendswaard, S. (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Vehicle control tasks require simultaneous control of multiple degrees-of-freedom. Most multi-axis human-control modeling is limited to the modeling of multiple fully independent single axes. This paper contributes to the understanding of multi-axis control behavior and draws a more realistic and complete picture of dual-axis manual control....journal article 2019
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Fu, W. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)This study revisits the active manipulator developed for manual aircraft control. The active manipulator sends the force applied by the pilot to the aircraft while feeding back the aircraft rotational velocity bymeans of its deflection angle. We find that the activemanipulator, in comparison with the conventional passive manipulator, greatly...conference paper 2019