- document
-
When terminology hinders research: the colloquialisms of transitions of control in automated drivingMaggi, Davide (author), Romano, Richard (author), Carsten, Oliver (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)During the last 20 years, technological advancement and economic interests have motivated research on automated driving and its impact on drivers’ behaviour, especially after transitions of control. Indeed, once the Automated Driving System (ADS) reaches its operational limits, it is forced to request human intervention. However, the fast...journal article 2022
- document
-
de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Stanton, Neville (author), Eisma, Y.B. (author)The last decade has seen a surge of driving simulator research on automation-to-manual take-overs. In this commentary, we argue that most research within the take-over paradigm bears little resemblance to real automated driving. Furthermore, we claim that results within this paradigm could already be known based on published research from the...journal article 2021
- document
-
Melman, T. (author), Visser, P. (author), Mouton, Xavier (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Modern computerized vehicles offer the possibility of changing vehicle parameters with the aim of creating a novel driving experience, such as an increased feeling of sportiness. For example, electric vehicles can be designed to provide an artificial sound, and the throttle mapping can be adjusted to give drivers the illusion that they are...journal article 2021
- document
-
Nordhoff, S. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Payre, William (author), van Arem, B. (author), Happee, R. (author)In the future, automated shuttles may provide on-demand transport and serve as feeders to public transport systems. However, automated shuttles will only become widely used if they are accepted by the public. This paper presents results of an interview study with 30 users of an automated shuttle on the EUREF (Europäisches Energieforum) campus in...journal article 2019
- document
-
Eisma, Y.B. (author), Eijssen, Dirk (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)This study explores how drivers of an automated vehicle distribute their attention as a function of environmental events and driving task instructions. Twenty participants were asked to monitor pre-recorded videos of a simulated driving trip while their eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracker. The results showed that eye movements are...journal article 2022
- document
-
Melman, T. (author), Weijerman, Mark (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author)Introduction: Cars are increasingly computerized, and vehicle settings such as steering gain (SG) can now be altered during driving. However, it is unknown whether transitions in SG should be adaptable (i.e., triggered by driver input) or adaptive (i.e., triggered automatically). We examined this question for road segments expected to require...journal article 2022
- document
-
de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Nordhoff, S. (author)Recent research suggests the existence of a general acceptance factor (GAF), similar to the “big one” in personality research or the general intelligence factor (g). The current study, written in the form of a short commentary, sought empirical support for the GAF by using data from a large multinational questionnaire of the L3Pilot project on...journal article 2022
- document
-
Bazilinskyy, P. (author), van der Geest, Lars (author), van Leeuwen, Stefan (author), Numan, Bart (author), Pijnacker, Joris (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Driving is a safety-critical task that predominantly relies on vision. However, visual information from the environment is sometimes degraded or absent. In other cases, visual information is available, but the driver fails to use it due to distraction or impairment. Providing drivers with real-time auditory feedback about the state of the...journal article 2016
- document
-
de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Petermeijer, S.M. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author)A major question in human-automation interaction is whether tasks should be traded or shared between human and automation. This work presents reflections—which have evolved through classroom debates between the authors over the past 10 years—on these two forms of human-automation interaction, with a focus on the automated driving domain. As...journal article 2022
- document
-
Epke, Michael R. (author), Kooijman, L. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Automated vehicles (AVs) are able to detect pedestrians reliably but still have difficulty in predicting pedestrians' intentions from their implicit body language. This study examined the effects of using explicit hand gestures and receptive external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) in the interaction between pedestrians and AVs. Twenty-six...journal article 2021
- document
-
Doubek, F.H. (author), Salzmann, Falk (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Future vehicles may drive automatically in a human-like manner or contain systems that monitor human driving ability. Algorithms of these systems must have knowledge of criteria of good and safe driving behavior with regard to different driving styles. In the current study, interviews were conducted with 30 drivers, including driving...journal article 2021
- document
-
Petermeijer, SM (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)A large number of haptic driver support systems have been described in the scientific literature. However, there is little consensus regarding the design, evaluation methods, and effectiveness of these systems. This literature survey aimed to investigate: (1) what haptic systems (in terms of function, haptic signal, channel, and supported task)...journal article 2015
- document
-
van de Kaa, G. (author), Rezaei, J. (author), Kamp, L.M. (author), de Winter, A (author)This paper focuses on standards battles for photovoltaic technological systems. Five photovoltaic technologies are currently commercially available and it is still unclear which of these technologies will emerge as the dominant design. Based on the literature and on expert interviews, we develop and analyze categories and factors for technology...journal article 2014
- document
-
van Leeuwen, P.M. (author), Gómez i Subils, C (author), Ramon Jimenez, A (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Technological developments have led to increased visual fidelity of driving simulators. However, simplified visuals have potential advantages, such as improved experimental control, reduced simulator discomfort and increased generalisability of results. In this driving simulator study, we evaluated the effects of visual fidelity on driving...journal article 2015
- document
- Heikoop, D.D. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Stanton, NA (author) journal article 2016
- document
-
Arkenbout, E.A. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Breedveld, P. (author)Vision based interfaces for human computer interaction have gained increasing attention over the past decade. This study presents a data fusion approach of the Nimble VR vision based system, using the Kinect camera, with the contact based 5DT Data Glove. Data fusion was achieved through a Kalman filter. The Nimble VR and filter output were...journal article 2015
- document
-
Katzourakis, D. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Alirezaei, M. (author), Corno, M. (author), Happee, R. (author)This paper presents a driving simulator experiment, which evaluates a road-departure prevention (RDP) system in an emergency situation. Two levels of automation are evaluated: 1) haptic feedback (HF) where the RDP provides advisory steering torque such that the human and the machine carry out the maneuver cooperatively, and 2) drive by wire (DBW...journal article 2014
- document
-
Rendon Velez, E. (author), van Leeuwen, P.M. (author), Happee, R. (author), Horvath, I. (author), van der Vegte, Wilhelm Frederik (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Speeding because of time pressure is a leading contributor to traffic accidents. Previous research indicates that people respond to time pressure through increased physiological activity and by adapting their task strategy in order to mitigate task demands. In the present driving simulator study, we investigated effects of time pressure on...journal article 2016
- document
-
Saffarian, M (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Happee, R. (author)A car-following assisting system named the rear window notification display (RWND) was developed, with the aim of improving a driver's manual car-following performance. The RWND presented lead-car acceleration and time headway (THW) (i.e., intervehicle distance divided by the speed of the following car) on the rear window of a lead car, which...journal article 2013
- document
-
Kyriakidis, M. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)This study investigated user acceptance, concerns, and willingness to buy partially, highly, and fully automated vehicles. By means of a 63-question Internet-based survey, we collected 5000 responses from 109 countries (40 countries with at least 25 respondents). We determined cross-national differences, and assessed correlations with personal...journal article 2015