Realising Meaningful Human Control Over Automated Driving Systems: A Multidisciplinary Approach

The paper presents a framework to realise “meaningful human control” over Automated Driving Systems. The framework is based on an original synthesis of the results of the multidisciplinary research project “Meaningful Human Control over Automated Driving Systems” lead by a team of engineers, philosophers, and psychologists at Delft University of...

Will pedestrians cross the road before an automated vehicle?: The effect of drivers’ attentiveness and presence on pedestrians’ road crossing behavior

The impact of automated vehicles (AV) on pedestrians’ crossing behavior has been the topic of some recent studies, but findings are still scarce and inconclusive. The aim of this study is to determine whether the drivers’ presence and apparent attentiveness in a vehicle influences pedestrians’ crossing behavior, perceived behavioral control,...

Cyclists’ crossing intentions when interacting with automated vehicles: A virtual reality study

Most of cyclists’ fatalities originate from collisions with motorized vehicles. It is expected that automated vehicles (AV) will be safer than human-driven vehicles, but this depends on the nature of interactions between non-automated road users, among them cyclists. Little research on the interactions between cyclists and AVs exists. This...

Gaps in the control of automated vehicles on roads

Increased on-road testing and market availability of partially automated vehicles (AV) offers researchers and developers the opportunity to evaluate the AV’s performance. The occurrence of new types of accidents involving AV’s has sparked questions in regard to who is actually in control over and responsible for AV control. In this contribution,...

Human behaviour with automated driving systems: A quantitative framework for meaningful human control

Automated driving systems (ADS) with partial automation are currently available for the consumer. They are potentially beneficial to traffic flow, fuel consumption, and safety, but human behaviour whilst driving with ADS is poorly understood. Human behaviour is currently expected to lead to dangerous circumstances as ADS could place human...

Studying pedestrians’ crossing behavior when interacting with automated vehicles using virtual reality

Partially and fully automated vehicles (AVs) are being developed and tested in different countries. These vehicles are being designed to reduce and ultimately eliminate the role of human drivers in the future. However, other road users, such as pedestrians and cyclists will still be present and would need to interact with these automated...

Meaningful Human Control over Automated Driving Systems

Human Factors issues with automated driving systems (ADS) are becoming more apparent with the increasing prevalence of automated vehicles on the public roads. As automated driving demands increased performance of supervisory skills of the driver, rather than vehicle handling skills, a mismatch occurs between the demand and supply of the drivers’...

Meaningful Human Control over Automated Driving Systems

WEpod WElly in Delft: Pedestrians’ crossing behavior when interacting with automated vehicles using Virtual Reality

Automated vehicles could have many impacts on society [1]. Taking the control of vehicles from human drivers, who by their nature make mistakes, and giving it to automated vehicles (AVs), which are believed to be accurate and reliable, could, in theory, increase safety. However, how non-automated road users will react and interact with...

Interactions between vulnerable road users and automated vehicles: A synthesis of literature and framework for future research

Partially and fully automated vehicles (AVs) are being developed and tested in different countries. These vehicles are being designed to reduce and ultimately eliminate the role of human drivers in the future. Most fatal accidents of vulnerable road users (VRUs), pedestrians, cyclists and mopeds, involve a motorized vehicle. In addition, most of...

A human factors perspective on automated driving

Automated driving can fundamentally change road transportation and improve quality of life. However, at present, the role of humans in automated vehicles (AVs) is not clearly established. Interviews were conducted in April and May 2015 with 12 expert researchers in the field of human factors (HFs) of automated driving to identify...

Reducing travel delay by in-car advice on speed, headway and lane use based on downstream traffic flow conditions - a simulation study

A new advisory ADAS system is implemented in micro simulation to asses the effects on traffic flow as well as on safety. The system uses loop detector data from which situations may be recognized where advices are given to drivers in-car. Advice is given on speed, headway and lane use. Effectively the system allows drivers to respond to...