Opportunities of digitalization

Coordinated tuning of MMC-HVDC interconnection links and PEM electrolyzers for fast frequency support in a multiarea electrical power system

Modernization of power systems leads to more power electronic interfaced units in the generation, demand, and transmission. Examples are remotely installed renewable energy sources, loads with constant power, or high voltage direct current (HVDC) corridors. These changes significantly affect the frequency stability margins of the system and...

Simulation Based Assessment Methods

This chapter provides a brief overview of modelling and simulation approaches for smart grid systems. A special focus is put onto the coupling of simulation environments; i.e., the co-simulation of power systems and its components. Furthermore, selected implementations of standardized interfaces for domain simulators covering the domains of...

Co-simulation of Intelligent Power Systems

The complexity of energy systems increases as more renewable generation and energy storage technologies are added to the grid. Diverse energy carriers are becoming interconnected and the grids are getting reliant on communication networks for timely operation. The arising complexity is difficult to model with the existing mathematical models and...

Grid Awareness Under Normal Conditions and Cyber-Threats

The situational grid awareness is becoming increasingly important for power system operations due to smaller operational margins, wide range of uncertainties entailed by renewables and highly critical infrastructure failures due to potential cyber-attacks. In this chapter, we look at some of the state-of-the-art technologies to monitor events in...

ICT-based solutions supporting energy systems for Smart Cities

This chapter describes ICT solutions for planning, maintaining and assessing urban energy systems. There is no single urban energy system, but - like the city itself - a system of sub-systems with different scales, spatially ranging from buildings to blocks, districts and to the city, temporally ranging from real time data to hourly, daily,...