Hypersonic nozzle for laser-spectroscopy studies at 17 K characterized by resonance-ionization-spectroscopy-based flow mapping

The in-gas-jet laser spectroscopy method relies on the production of uniform and low-temperature gas jets to fully resolve the atomic hyperfine structure and efficiently determine fundamental nuclear properties of short-lived isotopes from, e.g., the hardly accessible actinide and transactinide elements. In this article we present the studies...

Statistical Mechanical Perturbation Theory of Solid−Vapor Interfacial Free Energy

The solid–vapor interfacial free energy γsv plays an important role in a number of physical phenomena, such as adsorption, wetting, and adhesion. We propose a closed form expression for the orientation averaged value of this quantity using a statistical mechanical perturbation approach developed in the theory of liquids. Calculations of γsv...

Structuring effects in binary nucleation: Molecular dynamics simulatons and coarse-grained nucleation theory

Binary clusters formed by vapor-liquid nucleation are frequently nonhomogeneous objects in which components are not well mixed. The structure of a cluster plays an important role in nucleation and cluster growth. We demonstrate structuring effects by studying high-pressure nucleation and cluster growth in the n-nonane/methane mixture by means of...

Binary nucleation beyond capillarity approximation

Large discrepancies between binary classical nucleation theory (BCNT) and experiments result from adsorption effects and inability of BCNT, based on the phenomenological capillarity approximation, to treat small clusters. We propose a model aimed at eliminating both of these deficiencies. Adsorption is taken into account within Gibbsian...

Efficient approach to nucleation and growth dynamics: Stationary diffusion flux model

A new model describing the evolution of clusters in the processes of nucleation and growth is proposed. The diffusion flux in the nonstationary Fokker–Planck equation with an unknown distribution function is approximated by the closed form expression containing the steady-state solution of the Zeldovich–Frenkel equation. This is justified due to...

Crossover model for the work of critical cluster formation in nucleation theory

We propose a relation for the work of critical cluster formation in nucleation theory W for the systems with long-range interparticle interactions. The method of bridge functions is used to combine the system behavior at sufficiently small quenches, adequately predicted by the classical nucleation theory, with nonclassical effects at deep...

Soft depletion in binary fluids

Role of elasticity forces in thermodynamics of intercalation compounds: Self-consistent mean-field theory and Monte Carlo simulations

We propose a self-consistent mean-field lattice-gas theory of intercalation compounds based on effective interactions between interstitials in the presence of the host atoms. In addition to short-range screened Coulomb repulsions, usually discussed in the lattice gas models, the present theory takes into account long-range effective attractions...

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Algebraic perturbation theory for polar fluids: A model for the dielectric constant