Effect of Alumina on Reduction Softening and Melting Behaviour of Iron Ore Pellets

Aim of the blast furnace ironmaking process is the extraction of iron from iron ore, and prepare the raw iron (hot metal) for steel making. The iron oxides (ore) are charged into the furnace in the form of sinters and pellets containing the iron ore. Iron ore interacts with reducing gases and coke to form molten iron which in combination with...

Optimisation of Reverts Usage on Sintering Processes and Impact on the Sinter Quality: An experimental study into the mechanisms of sintering processes and production by utilising additives

Utilisation of reverts in sinter production is nonetheless challenging considering physical and chemical characteristics: physical by means of presence of extreme amount of fine material (<1mm) and chemical in terms of heavy metals, alkalis and uneven distribution of materials. Poor granulation, affecting permeability and degrading of cold...

Zinc vapourisation from sludge wastes under thermal processing conditions: Zinc enrichment in HIsarna flue dust

HIsarna is a new furnace technology in the steel industry, featuring a large reduction of CO₂-emissions of up to 80%, and offering larger tolerances for gangue materials. Additionally, it has potential for zinc enrichment in the flue dust, as it can quickly vapourise zinc in the feed material and reject it to the flue dust. Increasing...

Sulfur stream identification and selective removal of heavy metals from ironmaking blast furnace dust: Improved leaching of metal sulfides using oxidants and microwave treatment

The main waste products of ironmaking at Tata Steel IJmuiden are CO2¬(g) and a solid waste stream consisting of mainly carbon and iron-bearing compounds. This solid waste is generally called Zn rich filter cake which contains too much Zn to be reintroduced into the iron making process. Besides Zn, Pb and Cd are also present. These filter cakes...