Photon-Counting Arrays for Time-Resolved Imaging

The paper presents a camera comprising 512 × 128 pixels capable of single-photon detection and gating with a maximum frame rate of 156 kfps. The photon capture is performed through a gated single-photon avalanche diode that generates a digital pulse upon photon detection and through a digital one-bit counter. Gray levels are obtained through...

A CMOS SPAD Imager with Collision Detection and 128 Dynamically Reallocating TDCs for Single-Photon Counting and 3D Time-of-Flight Imaging

Per-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) architectures have been exploited by single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors to achieve high photon throughput, but at the expense of fill factor, pixel pitch and readout efficiency. In contrast, TDC sharing architecture usually features high fill factor at small pixel pitch and energy efficient...

On-chip SPAD array with IO designed for quantum sensing

In this Bachelor graduation project, a 16x16 Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) array is designed in 40nm TSMC CMOS for diamond single Nitrogen Vacancy center array readout. It includes an active quenching and recharge circuit (AQC), a hold-off circuit for controllable dead-time and IO electronics for off-chip communication. The chip is part...