Mapping private, common, and exclusive common spaces in buildings from BIM/IFC to LADM: A case study from Saudi Arabia

This paper presents in detail the legislation and regulation related to the use and ownership of building complexes with multiple units (apartments, condominiums) in Saudi Arabia for the 3D registration of the legal spaces. The 3D Land Administration Domain Model (LADM)country profile for Saudi Arabia must be able to represent the identified...

LiDAR-guided dense matching for detecting changes and updating of buildings in Airborne LiDAR data

Change detection is essential to keep 3D city models up-to-date. LiDAR data with high accuracy are used to create 3D city models. However, updating LiDAR data at state or nation level often takes around a decade. Very high resolution (VHR) stereo images, with often yearly updating rate and dense 3D information, provide an option for...

A columnar architecture for modern risk management systems

3D digital city models form the basis for flow simulations (e.g. wind flow and water runoff), urban planning, underand over- ground formation analysis, and they are very important for automated anomaly detection on man made structures. They consist of large collections of semantically rich objects which have many properties such as material and...

Real time localization of assets in hospitals using QUUPA indoor positioning technology

At the most fundamental level, smart buildings deliver useful building services that make occupants productive. Smart asset management in hostipals starts with knowing the whereabouts of medical equipment. This paper investigates the subject of indoor localization of medical equipment in hospitals by defining functional spaces. In order to...

First Experiments with the Tango Tablet for Indoor Scanning

During the last two decades, the third dimension took an important place in the heart of every multimedia. While the 3D technologies mainly used to be tools and subject for researchers, they are becoming commercially available to large public. To make it even more accessible, the Project Tango, leaded by Google, integrates in a simple Android...

LANDM and IndoorGML for support of Indoor Space identification

Guidance and security in large public buildings such as airports, museums and shopping malls requires much more information that traditional 2D methods offer. Therefore 3D semantically-reach models have been actively investigated with the aim to gather knowledge about availability and accessibility of spaces. Spaces can be unavailable to...

Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains and for a large range of tasks beyond visualisation. In this paper, we seek to understand and document the state of the art regarding the utilisation of 3D city models across...

"Improved geometric network model" (IGNM): A novel approach for deriving connectivity graphs for indoor navigation

Over the past few years Personal Navigation Systems have become an established tool for route planning, but they are mainly designed for outdoor environments. Indoor navigation is still a challenging research area for several reasons: positioning is not very accurate, users can freely move between the interior boundaries of buildings, path...

Generating navigation models from existing building data

Research on indoor navigation models mainly focuses on geometric and logical models .The models are enriched with specific semantic information which supports localisation, navigation and guidance. Geometric models provide information about the structural (physical) distribution of spaces in a building, while logical models indicate...

A "door-to-door" path-finding approach for indoor navigation

Indoor navigation is gaining an increasing interest among researchers in many domains. In many cases users need to orient quickly in complex environments, which is not always the target of current routing algorithms. The paper reviews current indoor path-finding approaches and discusses some of the limitations. In order to support a natural...

Sensor services for buildings: A framework and opportunities

The Ubiquitous Computing and the Internet-of-Things concepts are gathering more attention day-by-day. In the near future networks of interconnected sensors that are monitoring the environment around us will start to generate enormous amounts of data. This newly emerging paradigm can be named as „Sensors Everywhere”. This new paradigm will lead ...