Screening of representative rainfall event series for long-term hydrological performance evaluation of grassed swales

Evaluation of the hydrological performance of grassed swales usually needs long-term monitoring data. At present, suitable techniques for simulating the hydrological performance using limited monitoring data are not available. Therefore, current study aims to investigate the relationship between saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s...

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of HIsarna Off-Gas System: Wall Modeling and Heat Loss Prediction

The HIsarna off-gas system wall is a cooling jacket made of cooling pipes arranged in the radial direction and in a circular pattern. Part of the off-gas system cooling pipes are isolated using a low-thermal-conductivity refractory material to protect the cooling pipe from melting and thermal stresses. During long runs and due to...

Influence of solder condition on effective thermal conductivity of two-directional random fibres: Pore-scale simulation

It is indicated that the solder joint of the metal fibrous materials is a critical factor impacting the heat conduction. To reveal the mechanism by which solder joint sizes, solder joint skips, solder flux materials, and filling media affect the thermal conductivity of fibres, pore-scale numerical simulation is employed to study the thermal...

Time-varying characteristics of saturated hydraulic conductivity in grassed swales based on the ensemble Kalman filter algorithm: A case study of two long-running swales in Netherlands

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s) of the filler layer in grassed swales are varying in the changing environment. In most of the hydrological models, K_s is assumed as constant or decrease with a clogging factor. However, the K_s measured on site cannot be the input of the hydrological model directly....

A comprehensive review on the long-term performance of stormwater biofiltration systems (SBS): Operational challenges and future directions

Stormwater biofiltration systems (SBS) are a popular technology for mitigating the negative effects of urbanization on the hydrological processes and water quality in urban areas. However, little is known about SBS's long-term performance in actual field conditions. The findings of a review of the scientific literature on the long-term...

Towards bifacial silicon heterojunction solar cells with reduced TCO use

Reducing indium consumption, which is related to the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) use, is a key challenge for scaling up silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cell technology to terawatt level. In this work, we developed bifacial SHJ solar cells with reduced TCO thickness. We present three types of In₂O₃-based TCOs,...

Realizing the Potential of RF-Sputtered Hydrogenated Fluorine-Doped Indium Oxide as an Electrode Material for Ultrathin SiO _x/Poly-Si Passivating Contacts

In high-efficiency silicon solar cells featuring carrier-selective passivating contacts based on ultrathin SiOx/poly-Si, the appropriate implementation of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers is of vital importance. Considerable deterioration in passivation quality occurs for thin poly-Si-based devices owing to the sputtering damage...

High-Mobility Hydrogenated Fluorine-Doped Indium Oxide Film for Passivating Contacts c-Si Solar Cells

Broadband transparent conductive oxide layers with high electron mobility (μ_e) are essential to further enhance crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cell performances. Although metallic cation-doped In₂O₃ thin films with high μ_e (>60 cm² V^-1 s^-1) have been extensively...

Characterization of bitumen modified with pyrolytic carbon black from scrap tires

Pyrolytic carbon black (CB _p ) from scrap tire pyrolysis is a potential modifier for the bitumen industry. Binders containing different contents of CB _p were prepared and experimentally investigated to examine the effects of CB _p on the electrical and thermal conductivity, conventional physical properties,...

Electrical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete containing conductive fibers and fillers

Electrically conductive asphalt concrete has the potential to satisfy multifunctional applications. Designing such asphalt concrete needs to balance the electrical and mechanical performance of asphalt concrete. The objective of this study is to design electrically conductive asphalt concrete without compromising on the mechanical properties...