This thesis explores and analyses the usage of modular architecture and mixed buildings and their role in solving the Dutch housing crisis. The Dutch housing market is in a crisis due to various reasons that can be solved partially in the design process and partially by regulation changes. The mixing of production and living has become more accessible due to new innovative manufacturing methods like 3D printing. The mixing of 3D printing and residential functions is relatively new, and there is a need to understand this manufacturing process to ensure a successful mix with residential functions. This paper uses Habitat 67, Nakagin Capsule Towers and Bremer Punkt as case studies to better understand modular architecture and its benefit. Modular Architecture brings multiple benefits, which are explored in this thesis. One of the architectural benefits is that it allows a building to be adaptable, flexible and affordable compared to traditionally built buildings.

In this history thesis the impact of Islamic/Middle Eastern architecture on so-called Western architecture will be explored with the main focus on the Gothic style during the 12th and 16th century in Western Europe. During architectural studies the impact of non-Western architecture on Western architecture is often neglected. Most western sources on the subject are old and are powered by orientalism which is important for the perception of these sources. The exact moment that an architectural concept originated is impossible to say as architectural influence is a constant motion of inspiration, although an estimate of when it emerged can be made. Based on the findings from the literature and case study analysis, it can be concluded that Islamic architecture had an influence on the architectural Gothic style during the Middle Ages. The Islamic architecture itself was a synthesis of different architectural influences due to the variation of the Middle East. Both architectural styles share similarities in characteristics that were transferred through various methods. Gothic architecture and Islamic architecture both want to show the godly through nature, this concept manifests itself in the usage of ornamentations. This influence is shown through historical examples and first examples in the world that show certain concepts and techniques that originated from the Middle East region.