The quote by Lord Kelvin, “if you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it,” best captures the invaluable role of sensors in any system. It also implies that to improve the performance of a system one needs to employ advanced sensor solutions. The performance requirements vary from one application to another, but are always associated with accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, range, power consumption, ease of installation, and maintenance. In the modern era of data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, there is an ever-increasing need for low-cost, high-performing sensors in high volumes@en