Urban agriculture and farming (UAF) initiatives are recognised for their potential to enhance urban resilience, support local food systems, and deliver ecosystem services. However, current scholarship remains fragmented, treating UAF initiatives as isolated green interventions, rather than integrated components of urban fabric. This study examines how landscape-based approaches (LbAs) and systems thinking (ST) have been applied concurrently to analyse and design these initiatives. We argue that LbA is necessary to provide the spatial logic for physical integration, while ST provides the functional logic for metabolic efficiency. This systematic literature review screened 92 records across Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, resulting in a refined corpus of 12 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. This reflects the nascent state of an interdisciplinary approach at this intersection. Utilising VOSviewer and Atlas.ti, the study identified four thematic clusters: urban green infrastructure, urban food systems, landscape planning, and socio-ecological systems. A cross-comparative analysis of these clusters and their underlying methodologies led to a new theoretical dual-lens systemic landscape framework to evaluate the sustainability outcomes of UAF. The findings reveal limited integration of spatial analysis with systems thinking across scales. This review contributes a novel multi-scale methodology that emphasises the need for integrated spatial and systemic interdependencies to achieve truly resilient urban food systems. ... Read more

Urban areas have long depended on rural areas to be fed, a dependence that has been exploited by the global food networks. The implications of this dependence are now prominent, with a worsening climate crisis, low productivity, prevalent hunger, malnutrition and a very unstable future, and we can no longer turn a blind eye. Intensive agriculture may be credited with increasing the agricultural output, but it has come with a price, that we pay with planet exploitation, farmer exploitation and resource exploitation. As cities fill up faster than ever, it is becoming essential for cities to find ways to feed themselves. Feeding cities, however, is not a small task. Certainly, there is a growing awareness to allow production of food in cities, but will these continue to be productive in the long run. And with urban space at a premium, whose slice of cake do we cut into? Urban land is contested, as more people fill into cities, we need to be smart about what we want from the land and infrastructure. [...] ... Read more

The disruption of lives in 2020 has taught us that our global food systems are indeed vulnerable and we need to transition towards a more localised arena for food, where production, consumption and distribution can be more sustainable and resilient. With hunger and obesity both on rise, and food vulnerability issues looming over us due to a disrupted food supply chain, it is time for communities to disallow the commercial form of foodscape and allow community-based food systems to flourish. Localisation of food production, consumption and distribution can help make the food systems more sustainable and resilient. ... Read more