Time-sensitive medical emergencies resulting from the entry of harmful agents into the body require immediate and urgent medical attention to prevent irreversible symptoms or fatalities. However, the current process for urgent care relies on human intervention, which can introduce significant delays and potentially compromise the effectiveness of treatment. Recent advancements in harmful agent detection sensors and ingestible device technology present an opportunity to explore the development of an ingestible device that can autonomously detect and immediately treat medical emergencies caused by harmful agents.

The concept of an autonomous device for urgent care therapy necessitates a system that can achieve gastric retention and facilitate on-demand delivery of macromolecule drugs. Despite numerous proposals for gastric residence and macromolecule drug delivery systems, their controllability capabilities fall short. One of the primary challenges is ensuring the correct orientation of the device for effective injection into the stomach wall.
Researchers have developed an ingestible device guided by a microactuator, designed for gastric retention and injection. However, the current prototype of the device lacks a control system, essentially being a body without a brain.

This thesis delves into the design and implementation of a control system for an urgent care therapy device. The proposed control system is designed by individually examining the sensor system, the actuator system, and the decision making system. The viability of the proposed control system is demonstrated using the example of gamma radiation poisoning. The system integrates three distinct sensors: a harmful agent sensor, a power monitor, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). The collected data is fed into the decision making system, which is capable of detecting the urgent care condition, battery depletion, and device misorientation. If the urgent care therapy need has been confirmed, the actuator control system will steer the device to correct its orientation and trigger the injection of the macromolecule drug into the stomach wall.

The proposed system provides orientation estimation with an accuracy of 2 degrees and features an adaptable sensor and needle system, enhancing its adaptability across various applications. The device's battery life extends up to 19 days, underscoring its potential as a viable autonomous tool for urgent care therapy. This research concludes that the proposed autonomous urgent care therapy device is a feasible solution in the treatment of time-sensitive medical emergencies resulting from the entry of harmful agents into the body, complementing existing healthcare strategies.

Non-contact infrared thermal imaging provides a non-invasive, safe and accurate means for screening subjects. COVID-19 (a disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) has changed how health care workers (HCW) interact with patients. Despite the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE), social distancing protocols, and unique facilities to screen individuals, the increase of infection rates among HCW is high. This has enormous consequences as HCW cannot provide direct patient care, thereby decreasing the workforce’s availability during the pandemic and has fuelled the urgent need for a non-invasive IR system to screen for potential cases of infections. Existing remote screening systems are susceptible to shortcomings caused by location and technique used for measurement, distance-ambient temperature associated inaccuracies and inefficient integration of hardware and software modules, invalidating their utility in the current situation. During this project, a non-invasive screening prototype was developed that mitigates these shortcomings by using an adaptive measurement method with automatic environmental compensation for screening elevated skin temperature and respiratory rate. The prototype is tested and validated in a controlled environment.