The number of Coworking Spaces is growing steadily in Germany and went up from 300 in 2018 to 1.268 in May 2020. According to a study by Savills, almost 90% of all hybrid Spaces and ¾ of all Business centers were located in the seven biggest cities of Germany. The recent developments in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic have shown a significantly increasing demand for more flexible and New Working Spaces in peripheral areas.

This work investigates the structures of Coworking Spaces in Germany. Therefore, 1.121 Coworking Spaces were identified through desk research and assigned to 258 congregations with their demographic and economic data to deduct the geographical distribution of Coworking Spaces in Germany apart from the big 7 cities. To identify Coworking Spaces in peripheral areas, the data was evaluated based on statistical data. In terms of a transdisciplinary approach, the cities and congregations of the dataset were assigned regarding predefined city categories of the real estate and urbanism sector and compared with each other.

Results show that the biggest and most relevant cities for the national and international real estate office market are leading the number of Coworking Spaces in Germany. However, smaller big cities with low importance for the real estate sector are also showing a high number and seem to be attractive for Coworking Spaces. Findings indicate that Coworking Spaces are existing in peripheral areas.

Coworking is a labour method based on sharing a working environment, typically an office, with other people, but in which workers' activities are carried out individually or in small groups. Coworking spaces (CSs) differ from traditional offices because the workers do not necessarily belong to the same company or working field. The spread of CSs has increased over the last decade with the rise of freelancers, digital nomads, itinerant workers, and commuters. This activity, which is strongly driven by a spirit of sociability, independence, shared values, and synergy, tends to increasingly break away from the typical working districts of the city. CSs become satellite stations that grow in less predisposed areas of the city, such as industrial districts, rural areas, and residential zones. Hence, a literature review is elaborated to identify the current state of science and technology regarding the implementation of CSs in residential areas. Further possible effects of CSs on the residential area or region are deducted by a qualitative analysis of the identified literature. Findings show on the one hand correlations between the implementation of a CS and socio-cultural factors such as the well-being of the residents. On the other hand, economic effects on the region can be identified, as the potential of start-ups is growing, the commuting would be reduced and therefore residents would stay for a longer period in the direct neighbourhood and consume more goods there. The line of discussion is focused on the possibility of the implementation of CSs in existing residential buildings and the effects on the residential area or region.

The internationalisation in many companies and projects requires a better understanding of working conditions in different cultures to enable an enhanced integration of employees in foreign working environments. Nevertheless, there are boundary conditions in each country, which leads to different workplace strategies and workplace conditions. This will be analysed through the comparison of cultural values, particularly religion, which is one relevant characteristic of cultures across the globe. Therefore, relevant literature and existing legal frameworks in Europe and the United States of America for employee rights protection regarding religious discrimination are examined and appropriate measures for an internationally accepted working approach are deducted. The imprint of cultural values is a very strong frame for employees and their working habits. Especially the working conditions in Western countries are highly influenced by Christian standards. Although there are many clear traditional limitations, most countries can develop their individual and original "open space" experimental fields, which differ substantially from country to country. Therefore, workplace strategies need to be designed according to cultural characteristics and uniform working terms are necessary to create equal working conditions for employees from all cultural backgrounds. The line of discussion is focused on the balance or imbalance between convergence to an internationally accepted and equalised way of working and workplaces to promote the well-being of foreigners in multinational companies.