For the past centuries, the agricultural sector in north western Europe underwent massive intensification to keep up with the great demand due to globalization and population growth. In this process, an excessive amount of nitrogen has been emitted into the environment, causing soil depletion and biodiversity loss. The efforts of national politics, like the Netherlands and Belgium, to tackle this crisis has brought conflict concerning social justice. This project aims to provide a socially just strategy that achieves a sustainable agricultural food system, which in turn solves the nitrogen crisis by the year 2075. This is done by literature research on past principles, the current context and future trends of both social and environmental concerns. By building on the concepts of decentralization and sustainable land use in scenario building, a vision is formed. A conceptual framework has been set up to connect all the elements considered important within this transition. Through research by and research for design, a strategy will be developed in which South Holland will be used as a case study. The goal of the report is to showcase a transition from the current agricultural food system into a just and sustainable one. Essential to achieve this goal is to look at different parts of the agricultural chain. The strategy inducing this transition includes new policies, technologies, knowledge and practices that reduce the nitrogen emissions. Through policies and projects some components will be phased out while others are simultaneously accelerated to activate the transition. Based on environmental attributes, different options are offered to guide farmers to proactively switch to more sustainable forms of agriculture. At the same time, consumers and distribution companies, guided by all levels of government, move to shorter chains to support sustainable farmers. To demonstrate the strategy on a local scale, three areas within the province of South Holland have been selected as a case study. By implementing a multi-scaled and holistic approach on the agricultural food system, engaging stakeholders on different levels, the project has the potential to serve as a blueprint for creating a just and sustainable food system that no longer causes nitrogen pollution.

This urban design project addresses the critical issue of homelessness by bringing it to the forefront of societal discussion and professional design consideration. It asserts that homeless individuals should not be rendered invisible but actively included in urban planning. There is a growing and very pressing issue of homelessness in the Netherlands, specifically in Rotterdam, where homeless people are often ignored by the public and pushed into invisibility. The project focuses on the spatial and social dynamics of homelessness in Rotterdam, aiming to understand and visually depict these complexities. It seeks to answer the question: ‘How can an urban transformation in Rotterdam promote recognition of the homeless population and create awareness of their presence and needs?’ Through literature reviews, analytical research, and ethnographic fieldwork, particularly focusing on rough sleepers and women in shelters, the project identifies movement patterns and spatial dynamics of the homeless. It advocates for a network approach on the neighbourhood scale, specifically in Oude Westen, using two key squares to design spaces that meet daily needs while balancing privacy and exposure. By opening up a broader discussion through both its research and design outcomes, this project marks a significant step towards the spatial inclusion of the homeless population.