This thesis explores the traditional water system of Sassi di Matera and finds out that water plays an important role as a sustainable resource, the social center, and the chance for green space. In addition, by exploring the overall history and culture of Matera, different symbolic elements of water (public fountains, grabiglioni, WWTP) are chosen as the representations of water in different landscapes. The water wisdom and representation become the design strategies to optimize Matera’s water circulation, improve the network of public space, and enhance the blue-green network. Ultimately, the sustainable development goals of the region can be achieved by using a landscape approach as the start.