Commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM-80 data. We presented an approach based on statistical data analytics, following the work from Yu & Tseng, at EuroSimE2015. Since then, more LM80 test data came available both for High Power (HP) and Mid Power (MP) LEDs. In this paper, we will present the results of further investigations, where we have taken the work from Meeker into account. This is needed as some commercial claims are based on 10 years of warranty and some service bids provide periods of 20 to 25 years of operation.@en

Commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM-80 data. This chapter indicates that there may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. Therefore, we propose a more profound statistical approach in order to make the appropriate step from TM-21 extrapolation to lumen maintenance on a product level. This is needed as some commercial claims are based on 10 years of warranty and some service bids provide periods of 20–25 years of operation. This chapter reviews the different approaches currently available to perform lumen maintenance extrapolations.@en

The penetration of solid state lighting applications is due to the promise of a low-cost reliable solution by means of application of low- and mid-power LEDs. These LED packages are manufactured by making use of new processes and materials which in principle introduces a series of known and unknown failure modes. Corrosion is a specific failure mode which limits the lifetime, and hence manufacturers realize that their package integrity needs to be improved. This chapter describes the sensitivity to corrosion of LED packages. In the first part, an introduction to chemical incompatibility is given. In the second part, different sources of corrosion are distinguished. The construction of LED packages and their vulnerability to corrosion is described in the third part. In the fourth part of this chapter, testing methods are reviewed and their effectiveness to simulate real-life conditions. A series of experimental setups is used to explore the behavior of LED packages in contaminated environments. A combined experimental–theoretical approach is used to describe the performance in certain conditions of pollution. This will be covered in the fifth part. The last part describes a list of classes of chemicals, often found in electronics and construction materials for luminaires that may affect LED performance and for this reason should be avoided for the design of SSL solutions.@en

We have seen an increasing number of reported colour maintenance issues in the market when it concerns LED-based products. Besides this, there are also requests to provide products that have < 2 SDCM colour point changes over lifetime. To understand the mechanisms behind colour maintenance in our LED-portfolio we have developed a calculation method that is able to predict colour maintenance as function of time, construction and material used. The details of that method are described in this paper.@en

Traditional lighting is focused on the prevention of hardware failures. With the trend towards controlled and connected systems, other components will start playing an equal role in the reliability of it. Here reliability need to be replaced by availability and other modelling approaches are to be taken into account. System prognostics and health management is the next step to service the connected complex systems in the most effective way possible. In this keynote we will highlight the next frontiers that will need to be taken in order to move the traditional lighting catastrophic failure thinking into a thinking more to-wards new ways how system (degraded) functions can fail or be compromised.@en

Traditional lighting is focused on the prevention of hardware failures. With the trend towards controlled and connected systems, other components will start playing an equal role in the reliability of it. Here reliability need to be replaced by availability and other modelling approaches are to be taken into account. System prognostics and health management is the next step to service the connected complex systems in the most effective way possible. In this keynote we will highlight the next frontiers that will need to be taken in order to move the traditional lighting catastrophic failure thinking into a thinking more to-wards new ways how system (degraded) functions can fail or be compromised.@en

Commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM-80 data. This paper indicates that there may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. Therefore, we propose a more profound statistical analysis in order to make the appropriate step from TM-21 extrapolation to lumen maintenance on a product level. This is needed as some commercial claims are based on 10 years of warranty and some service bids provide periods of 20 to 25 years of operation. This paper reviews the different approaches currently available to perform lumen maintenance extrapolations. We propose a new method to analyze and extrapolate LM-80 data using a more profound statistical approach.@en

Per today, commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM80 data. There may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. A more profound statistical analysis is required to make the step from TM-21 extrapolation to lumen maintenance on product level. This is needed as the commercial claims are used as input for service bids up to periods of 20 to 25 years of operation. This paper describes the different approaches currently available to perform lumen maintenance extrapolations. For that, we have analyzed several LM80 data sets from a statistical point of view.@en

Per today, commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM80 data. There may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. A more profound statistical analysis is required to make the step from TM-21 extrapolation to lumen maintenance on product level. This is needed as the commercial claims are used as input for service bids up to periods of 20 to 25 years of operation. This paper describes the different approaches currently available to perform lumen maintenance extrapolations. For that, we have analyzed several LM80 data sets from a statistical point of view.@en