Reaching the European Union’s 2050 climate targets depends on renovating a building stock that accounts for roughly 40% of EU energy use and 36% of energy-related greenhouse-gas emissions. Renovation is a staged, multi-year process that the Energy Performance Certificate, a single-point-in-time snapshot, cannot guide on its own. The recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive answers this with two complementary instruments. The Digital Building Logbook is a repository for building data across the life cycle, and the Building Renovation Passport (BRP) is a stepwise renovation roadmap that draws on that data. Both depend on a data model that defines what building data is relevant and stores it in a reusable form. The data models proposed by existing BRP and logbook initiatives are mostly closed, or specified only as semi-structured Excel, so their coverage and completeness cannot be assessed and each new implementation starts its data modelling from scratch.

An open, formally specified geospatial data model for urban energy modelling already exists adjacent to this use case, the OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) paired with its Energy Application Domain Extension (Energy ADE). Whether it is sufficient as a BRP data model has not been tested. This thesis tests it. It first synthesises a Minimum Set of Required Data (MSRD) from 14 existing and proposed European initiatives, distilling their recurring fields through an explicit relevance filter into a reference set of attributes a BRP needs. It then assesses how much of that MSRD the CityGML 2.0 + Energy ADE 3.0 (beta 8) data model can carry, mapping the set field by field, and tests the mapping at two scales on real Dutch building-stock data. The first is an audit-depth test on a single owner-occupier dwelling. The second is a city-scale breadth test on an entire municipality populated from open government sources (BAG, 3DBAG, EP-Online, and CBS statistics).

The MSRD comprises 276 fields, organised into 13 modules and 3 layers. The current CityGML + Energy ADE 3.0 (beta 8) data model covers roughly 95% of it, 262 of the 276 fields, with coverage complete for 8 of the 13 modules, including the entire assessment layer. The 14 uncovered fields are localised rather than spread across the model, most of them concentrated in the renovation-advice module, the staged roadmap that is the BRP’s defining feature, where coverage falls to 73%. The two-scale implementation confirms that the mapping holds under real data: the schema produced XSD-valid output from the single audited dwelling up to roughly 94,000 buildings without structural failure. Bringing the Dutch open-data sources together in one model also did more than confirm fit. It made the data-quality problems of that stock visible and tractable, exposing patterns that the source datasets, read apart, do not reveal, and it located the situations the model carries only partially.

The CityGML + Energy ADE pairing is therefore a meaningful, strong, and near-complete starting point for a BRP data model, with the gaps localised rather than structural. The contribution is to show that an open, formally specified data model already covers most of what a BRP needs, to name precisely where it does not, and to consolidate the targeted extensions that would close those gaps as input to the further development of the Energy ADE. The MSRD and the two-scale test pipeline are released openly.

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20669526

https://github.com/DaanSchlosser/CityGML2.0-EnergyADE3.0_creator

https://doi.org/10.4121/89f8909b-4473-4958-8f93-46b55546764d ... Read more

Reaching the Dutch target of a zero-emission building stock by 2050 depends on deep, staged renovations across much of the residential stock, with the roughly 1.5 million dwellings still rated E, F, or G as the priority subset for acceleration to 2030. Each stage of such a renovation is typically carried out by a different professional, years apart, so the building data generated in one stage is the input the next professional needs. In current Dutch practice, this data exists but does not cross professional or institutional boundaries. Contractors, advisors, municipalities, and homeowners each capture parts of it, and the records do not flow between them. The Dutch Building Renovation Passport (gebouwrenovatiepaspoort, BRP), available from May 29, 2026, is the policy response. It applies the renovatiepaspoort designation to the existing voluntary energy-renovation advice (maatwerkadvies) when the proposed pathway brings the building to the zero-emission standard. The launching scheme implements one half of what the recast EPBD calls a BRP, namely the stepwise renovation roadmap. The dossier half, a repository of building data sitting underneath that roadmap and remaining current across the 15- to 20-year staged horizon, is left to the broader Dutch building-data infrastructure to develop.

The building-data needs of the practitioners who would author and read such a Dutch BRP have not been documented empirically. This thesis maps those needs and elicits the practical expectations and concerns these practitioners would raise about a future Dutch BRP. The research is exploratory, centred on 15 semi-structured interviews with 17 respondents from the Dutch residential renovation sector, analysed thematically.

First, the canonical Dutch stakeholder taxonomy underrepresents the field. The interviews identify a wider intermediary class that shapes how data is captured and how advice is given, in ways the canonical taxonomy does not capture. Second, the same data fields are needed by different stakeholders at different levels of detail, with no current mechanism to deliver one field at multiple resolutions. What divides practitioners is not which fields they want (they often want the same ones) but the level of detail they need. Third, the dominant expectation is integration over replacement. Practitioners ask for an API on top of the systems they already run, and for national uniformity of minimum requirements. They do not want a new central silo stacked onto an already fragmented field.

Across the interviews, the renovation history recurs as the one category of building data that is universally needed yet universally inaccessible across actors. The renovation-history gap is the single most directly addressable item on the dossier side of any next iteration of the Dutch BRP. It is also the obvious place to link the BRP to the planned national federated building-data infrastructure (Landelijke Voorziening Gebouwgegevens, LVG). Whether subsequent iterations of the BRP deliver added value will depend on one design choice: building them around a dwelling level dossier in which renovation-relevant data accumulates, stays current, and is accessible through one route. ... Read more

A campus map serves as the gateway to information about infrastructure, facilities and services a university provides. We critique existing campus maps of TU Delft from an inclusive perspective, and propose a new 3d inclusive campus map targeted at staff and students. The map integrates both 2D and 3D spatial representations, consolidates outdoor and indoor information, and offers interactive map functionalities prioritising the needs of the underrepresented communities of the university. In fulfilment of the GEOIT1501 Synthesis Project course and our client the Diversity and Inclusion Office, our map serves as the foundation upon which future projects may build upon to continually provide a comfortable and socially safe campus grounds for all staff and students. ... Read more