Models of products and design processes are key to interacting with engineering designs and managing the processes by which they are developed. In practice, companies maintain networks of many interrelated models which need to be synthesised in the minds of their users when considering issues that cut across them. This article considers how information from product and design process models can be integrated with a view to help manage these complex interrelationships. A framework highlighting key issues surrounding model integration is introduced and terminology for describing these issues is developed. To illustrate the framework and terminology, selected modelling approaches that integrate product and process information are discussed and organised according to their levels and forms of integration. Opportunities for further work to advance integrated modelling in engineering design research and practice are discussed.@en

The planning and scheduling of appropriate resources is essential in engineering design for delivering quality products on time, within cost and at acceptable risk. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to identify and understand the different resources required. This paper attempts to do so through insights drawn from interviews in an aerospace company. Firstly, it investigates what elements have been considered design resources by current modelling approaches and how the approaches have managed resources. Secondly, interviews identified that key design resources does not only include designers but also computational, testing and prototyping resources. Thirdly, the paper introduces resource attributes that can impact on resource availability and their effectiveness on process performance. Fourthly, it proposes a set of requirements to distinguish design resources from company resources. Finally, it advocates for having allocation flexibility to balance all these resources within the process, requiring new approaches for planning and scheduling that can model resources along with their attributes.@en