A suitable battery technology for PV-Battery Integrated Module
Ali Ali Hanif (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)
P Bauer – Mentor
V.E. Vega Garita – Mentor
Laura M. Ramirez Elizondo – Coach
Jose Rueda – Coach
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Abstract
PV-Battery Integrated Module is a concept of integrating all of the components needed in a PV-battery system. While having several advantages compared to the standard system, the configuration of a PBIM also has a drawback. The batteries are attached to the back of the PV module, which could increase the operating temperature of the battery. This could lead to a reduction of the lifetime battery. Other than the drawback, PBIM also has several battery criteria. This thesis aims to do a selection of a battery which shows the least impact to the elevated temperature and could fit into the criteria.Firstly, a literature study is performed to select the battery candidates. The battery is expected to have a high energy density, adequate surface area, high lifetime, relatively low price, and good safety. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) are chosen as the battery candidates as they fit into the criteria.Secondly, a series of modeling are performed. The models are designed to understand the effect of PBIM to the lifetime of the battery and also expected to support the battery candidates selection. Moreover, the modeling is used to design a lifetime battery testing. The models consist of a PV model and battery models. The PV model results in power generation profile in a selected location with a specific load. The battery modeling is divided into three parts, electrical, thermal, and lifetime modeling. An integration of the PV and the battery models is done to simulate a PBIM. With this integrated model, lithium-ion is proven to have a superior lifetime compared to other batteries.Thirdly, a lifetime battery testing is designed with the help of the integrated model. The battery testing replicates the actual working conditions of a PBIM. The battery testing is performed in two constant temperatures with two different current profiles. The current profiles represent higher and lower C-rates, and used to examine the effect of different C-rates on a battery lifetime. The constant temperatures are chosen to study the battery safety and lifetime performance in normal and elevated temperatures. Based on this designed battery testing, LFP cells have longer lifetime than the LCO cells. Therefore, LFP is chosen as the more suitable battery technology for PBIM.