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Rational positioning of 3D-printed voxels to realize high-fidelity multifunctional soft-hard interfaces

Journal Article (2023)
Author(s)

Mauricio Cruz Saldívar (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Robin Petrus Elias Veeger (Student TU Delft)

Edwin Tay (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Michele Fenu (TU Delft - BN/Gijsje Koenderink Lab, Erasmus MC)

Maria Klimopoulou (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Gerjo van Osch (Erasmus MC, TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Lidy Fratila-Apachitei (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Zjenja Doubrovski (TU Delft - Mechatronic Design)

Mohammad Javad Mirzaali (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

Amir Abbas Zadpoor (TU Delft - Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)

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Research Group
Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2023.101552
More Info
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Publication Year
2023
Language
English
Research Group
Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics
Issue number
9
Volume number
4
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Abstract

Living organisms use functional gradients (FGs) to interface hard and soft materials (e.g., bone and tendon), a strategy with engineering potential. Past attempts involving hard (or soft) phase ratio variation have led to mechanical property inaccuracies because of microscale-material macroscale-property nonlinearity. This study examines 3D-printed voxels from either hard or soft phase to decode this relationship. Combining micro/macroscale experiments and finite element simulations, a power law model emerges, linking voxel arrangement to composite properties. This model guides the creation of voxel-level FG structures, resulting in two biomimetic constructs mimicking specific bone-soft tissue interfaces with superior mechanical properties. Additionally, the model studies the FG influence on murine preosteoblast and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (hBMSC) morphology and protein expression, driving rational design of soft-hard interfaces in biomedical applications.