The effects of plasma electrolytically oxidized layers containing Sr and Ca on the osteogenic behavior of selective laser melted Ti6Al4V porous implants

Journal article (2021)

Authors

I.A.J. van Hengel Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
M. Lacin Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
M.B. Minneboo Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
E.L. Fratila-Apachitei Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
I. Apachitei Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
A.A. Zadpoor Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
Research Group
Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics (Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering) (TU Delft)
Copyright: © 2021 I.A.J. van Hengel, M. Lacin, M.B. Minneboo, E.L. Fratila-Apachitei, I. Apachitei, A.A. Zadpoor
DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2021.112074
Additive manufacturing Plasma electrolytic oxidation Strontium Current density Oxidation time Surface biofunctionalization Titanium bone implants
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Published Date

2021

Language

English

Faculty

Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering

Department

Biomechanical Engineering

Research Group

Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics

Abstract

Surface biofunctionalization is frequently applied to enhance the functionality and longevity of orthopedic implants. Here, we investigated the osteogenic effects of additively manufactured porous Ti6Al4V implants whose surfaces were biofunctionalized using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in Ca/P-based electrolytes with or without strontium. Various levels of Sr and Ca were incorporated in the oxide layers by using different current densities and oxidation times. Increasing the current density and oxidation time resulted in thicker titanium oxide layers and enhanced the release of Ca2+ and Sr2+. Biofunctionalization with strontium resulted in enhanced pore density, a thinner TiO2 layer, four-fold reduced release of Ca2+, and mainly anatase phases as compared to implants biofunctionalized in electrolytes containing solely Ca/P species under otherwise similar conditions. Different current densities and oxidation times significantly increased the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on implants biofunctionalized with strontium, when the PEO treatment was performed with a current density of 20 A/dm2 for 5 and 10 min as well as for a current density of 40 A/dm2 for 5 min. Therefore, addition of Sr in the PEO electrolyte and control of the PEO processing parameters represent a promising way to optimize the surface morphology and osteogenic activity of future porous AM implants.