Towards wafer-scale 2D material sensors

Journal Article (2025)
Author(s)

P.G. Steeneken (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

M. Soikkeli (VTT Technical Research Center of Finland)

R. Pezone (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)

S. Vollebregt (TU Delft - Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)

M.J.A. Houmes (TU Delft - Applied Sciences, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)

G.J. Verbiest (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

F. Alijani (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

D. Shin (Korea University, TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

H.S.J. van der Zant (TU Delft - Applied Sciences, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)

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Department
Precision and Microsystems Engineering
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/adac73 Final published version
More Info
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Publication Year
2025
Language
English
Department
Precision and Microsystems Engineering
Journal title
2D Materials
Issue number
2
Volume number
12
Article number
023002
Downloads counter
347
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Abstract

The unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials bring great promise to improve sensor performance and realise novel sensing principles. However, to enable their high-volume production, wafer-scale processes that allow integration with electronic readout circuits need to be developed. In this perspective, we review recent progress in on-chip 2D material sensors, and compare their performance to the state-of-the-art, with a focus on results achieved in the Graphene Flagship programme. We discuss transfer-based and transfer-free production flows and routes for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integration and prototype development. Finally, we give an outlook on the future of 2D material sensors, and sketch a roadmap towards realising their industrial and societal impact.