Ballistic superconductivity in semiconductor nanowires
H. Zhang (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Önder Gül (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Sonia Conesa-Boj (TU Delft - QN/Conesa-Boj Lab, Eindhoven University of Technology, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Michał P. Nowak (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, AGH University of Science and Technology)
M.T. Wimmer (TU Delft - QRD/Wimmer Group, TU Delft - Qubit Research Division, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Kun Zuo (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Folkert K. De Vries (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Jasper Van Veen (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
Michiel W.A. De Moor (TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Jouri D.S. Bommer (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
David J. Van Woerkom (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Sébastien R. Plissard (Eindhoven University of Technology, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Erik P.A.M. Bakkers (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, Eindhoven University of Technology, TU Delft - QN/Bakkers Lab)
Marina Quintero-Pérez (TU Delft - BUS/Quantum Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TNO)
Maja C. Cassidy (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab)
Srijit Goswami (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QRD/Goswami Lab)
Leo P. Kouwenhoven (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Microsoft Quantum Lab Delft, TU Delft - QRD/Kouwenhoven Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires have opened new research avenues in quantum transport owing to their confined geometry and electrostatic tunability. They have offered an exceptional testbed for superconductivity, leading to the realization of hybrid systems combining the macroscopic quantum properties of superconductors with the possibility to control charges down to a single electron. These advances brought semiconductor nanowires to the forefront of efforts to realize topological superconductivity and Majorana modes. A prime challenge to benefit from the topological properties of Majoranas is to reduce the disorder in hybrid nanowire devices. Here we show ballistic superconductivity in InSb semiconductor nanowires. Our structural and chemical analyses demonstrate a high-quality interface between the nanowire and a NbTiN superconductor that enables ballistic transport. This is manifested by a quantized conductance for normal carriers, a strongly enhanced conductance for Andreev-reflecting carriers, and an induced hard gap with a significantly reduced density of states. These results pave the way for disorder-free Majorana devices.
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