Emergence of quasiparticle Bloch states in artificial crystals crafted atom-by-atom
Ján Girovský (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/Otte Lab)
José L. Lado (International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory)
F.E. Kalff (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/Otte Lab)
Nora Fahrenfort (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QN/Quantum Nanoscience)
Lucas J.J.M. Peters (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
Joaquín Fernández-Rossier (International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Alicante)
Sander Otte (TU Delft - QN/Otte Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
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Abstract
The interaction of electrons with a periodic potential of atoms in crystalline solids gives rise to band structure. The band structure of existing materials can be measured by photoemission spectroscopy and accurately understood in terms of the tight-binding model, however not many experimental approaches exist that allow to tailor artificial crystal lattices using a bottom-up approach. The ability to engineer and study atomically crafted designer materials by scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) helps to understand the emergence of material properties. Here, we use atom manipulation of individual vacancies in a chlorine monolayer on Cu(100) to construct one- and two-dimensional structures of various densities and sizes. Local STS measurements reveal the emergence of quasiparticle bands, evidenced by standing Bloch waves, with tuneable dispersion. The experimental data are understood in terms of a tight-binding model combined with an additional broadening term that allows an estimation of the coupling to the underlying substrate.
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