An operating system for executing applications on quantum network nodes
C. Delle Donne (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group)
M. Iuliano (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QID/Hanson Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
B. van der Vecht (TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
H. Jirovská (TU Delft - QID/Software Group, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
T. J.W. van der Steenhoven (TU Delft - QID/Software Group, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
A. Dahlberg (TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
M. Skrzypczyk (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group)
A. R.P. Montblanch (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QID/Hanson Lab, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
J. Fischer (TU Delft - QID/Hanson Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
H. B. van Ommen (TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QID/Taminiau Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft)
N. Demetriou (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QID/Taminiau Lab)
I. te Raa (Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QID/Software Group, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
W. Kozlowski (TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
T. H. Taminiau (TU Delft - Quantum Internet Division, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
P. Pawełczak (TU Delft - Embedded Systems)
R. Hanson (TU Delft - QID/Hanson Lab, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre, TU Delft - QN/Hanson Lab)
S. Wehner (TU Delft - QID/Wehner Group, Kavli institute of nanoscience Delft, TU Delft - QuTech Advanced Research Centre)
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Abstract
The goal of future quantum networks is to enable new internet applications that are impossible to achieve using only classical communication1, 2–3. Up to now, demonstrations of quantum network applications4, 5–6 and functionalities7, 8, 9, 10, 11–12 on quantum processors have been performed in ad hoc software that was specific to the experimental setup, programmed to perform one single task (the application experiment) directly into low-level control devices using expertise in experimental physics. Here we report on the design and implementation of an architecture capable of executing quantum network applications on quantum processors in platform-independent high-level software. We demonstrate the capability of the architecture to execute applications in high-level software by implementing it as a quantum network operating system—QNodeOS—and executing test programs, including a delegated computation from a client to a server13 on two quantum network nodes based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond14,15. We show how our architecture allows us to maximize the use of quantum network hardware by multitasking different applications. Our architecture can be used to execute programs on any quantum processor platform corresponding to our system model, which we illustrate by demonstrating an extra driver for QNodeOS for a trapped-ion quantum network node based on a single 40Ca+ atom16. Our architecture lays the groundwork for computer science research in quantum network programming and paves the way for the development of software that can bring quantum network technology to society.